Unit 1: Changing Population - Comprehensive Study Guide

These flashcards cover key concepts related to population patterns, dynamics, and their connection to economic development as outlined in the comprehensive study guide.

What is population distribution and which continent has the highest population density?

Population distribution refers to the uneven distribution of people across the globe, with over half residing in Asia.

What factors influence population change?

Population change is influenced by natural increase (births minus deaths) and migration.

Define Crude Birth Rate (CBR).

Crude Birth Rate (CBR) is the number of births per 1000 people per year.

What does the Demographic Transition Model (DTM) describe?

The DTM describes population change over time through stages linked to socio-economic development.

What are push factors in migration?

Push factors are reasons that drive people to leave a place, such as poverty, conflict, and environmental degradation.

What is the dependency ratio?

The dependency ratio is the ratio of dependents (under 15, over 64) to the working-age population (15-64).

What are pro-natalist policies?

Pro-natalist policies encourage population growth through measures like financial incentives and parental leave.

Explain the concept of demographic dividend.

The demographic dividend is potential economic growth resulting from a decreasing dependency ratio, with a larger working-age population.

What is meant by aging populations in terms of challenges?

Aging populations lead to increased dependency ratios, pressure on healthcare and pensions, and potential declines in the workforce.

Describe the characteristic shapes of population pyramids and their implications.

Population pyramids can be expansive, stationary, or constrictive, indicating growth patterns and future demographic trends.

What are anti-natalist policies?

Anti-natalist policies discourage population growth, often through family planning programs or limits on childbirth.

What impacts can migration have on origin and destination countries?

Migration can have demographic, economic, social, cultural, and environmental impacts on both origin and destination countries.

What is urbanization?

Urbanization is the process where an increasing percentage of a population lives in urban areas, often due to rural-to-urban migration.

Define migration.

Migration is the movement of people from one place to another, which can be temporary or permanent, often influenced by push and pull factors.

What is a demographic profile?

A demographic profile is a statistical representation of the characteristics of a population, including age, gender, income, and education.

What does carrying capacity mean in population studies?

Carrying capacity refers to the maximum number of individuals that an environment can sustainably support without degrading.

What are economic migrants?

Economic migrants are individuals who move primarily for job opportunities and improved financial prospects.

Define net migration rate.

Net migration rate is the difference between the number of immigrants and emigrants per 1,000 population in a given year.

What are refugee populations?

Refugee populations consist of individuals who have been forced to flee their home country due to persecution, war, or violence.

What is a brain drain?

Brain drain refers to the emigration of highly skilled or educated individuals from one country to another, often leading to a loss of talent.

Define population policies.

Population policies are strategies implemented by governments to manage population growth, distribution, and demographics.

What is fertility rate?

Fertility rate is the average number of children born to a woman over her lifetime, often measured per 1,000 women of childbearing age.