Osmosis

Diffusion of H2O through a selectively permeable membrane

Osmosis

What is free to diffuse and what is blocked?

H20 is free to diffuse

Dissolved molecules (solutes) blocked

How do atoms/molecules move in diffusion

from an area of higher density/concentration to an area of lower density/concentration

How will water diffuse in a semipermeable membrane?

Water will diffuse at a faster rate from the side that has more water to the side that has less water

When is diffusion equalized?

When equilibrium is reached and the solutions are the same concentration.

When thinking of administering fluids through an IV, what structure is acting as a semipermeable membrane?

The blood vessel walls

Water concentration is equal inside and outside of the cell

Isotonic

0.9% saline solution is _____ to a red blood cell

isotonic

______ solutions have a tonicity that is the SAME as the body’s plasma.

Isotonic

Net movement of H2O in an isotonic solution

NO net movement

The solute concentration of the EXTERNAL environment is LOWER than the cell’s internal enviornment

Hypotonic

Pure water provides the most ______ environment for cells

hypotonic

<0.9% saline solution is ______ to a red blood cell

Hypotonic

Net movement of water in a hypotonic solution

INTO the cell

What happens to a bacterial cell in a hypotonic environment

Nothing, the cell wall maintains its shape

What happens when a cell with a damaged cell wall or absent cell wall is placed in a hypotonic solution?

LYSIS (burst)

How does a bacterial cell handle excess water?

Maintain shape due to rigid cell wall

Hypotonic solutions cause water to shift from the _______ to the _______ space

Intravascular

Extravascular

What is the ideal environment for a bacterial cell

slightly hypotonic

High osmotic pressure

Hypertonic

A solution with a hyper solute per volume in comparison to the cell

hypertonic

>0.9 saline solution is ______ to a red blood cell

hypertonic

Net movement of water in a hypertonic solution

OUT of the cell

What happens to bacterial cells in a hypertonic solution

plasmolysis (shrinks)

What happens to a bacterial cell with a damaged cell wall when it is placed in a hypertonic solution?

plasmolysis leads to irreversible dehydration