Spine (IOAN)

Sternocleidomastoid (SCM)

O: Manubrium & clavicle

I: Mastoid Process/superior nuchal line

A: uni:contralateral & ipsilat sidebending Bil: Cervical flexion

N: Spinal Accessory Nerve

Anterior Scales

O: Transverse process of C3-C6

I: Tubercle for anterior Scalene

A: Uni:ipsilat sidebending & Bilat: elevates 1st rib, flexes neck

N: Anterior rami of C4, C5, C6

Middle Scalenes

O: Transverse process of C3-C7

I: 1st rib

A: lateral flexion of neck

N: Cervical & brachial plexus (C3-C6)

Posterior Scalenes

O: Transverse process of C4-C6

I: 2st rib

A: Elevates 2nd rib, lateral flexion, some rotation

N: Cervical & brachial plexus (C3-C6)

Upper Trapezius

O: External occipital protuberance, nuchal line, spinal process of C7

I :Lateral 3rd clavicle/acromium process

A: Uni: Shoulder elevation, sidebending, Bilateral: Cervical extension,

N: Spinal Accessory Nerve

Levator Scapulae

O: Transverse process of C1-C4

I: Superior/medial scapula

A: Scapular elevation & downward rotation

N: Dorsal Scapular nerve & cervical spinal nerve

Rectus Capitis P. minor (Suboccipitals)

O: Tubercle of posterior arch of atlas

I: inferior nuchal line of occiput

A: Uni:rotate to same side, bilateral: Head extension

N: Suboccipital nerve

Rectus Capitis P. Major (Suboccipitals)

O: Superior process of axis (C2)

I: inferior nuchal line of occiput

A: Uni:rotate to same side, bilateral: Head extension

N: Suboccipital nerve

Obliquus Capitis Superior (Suboccipitals)

O: Transverse process of atlas

I: above the rectus capitis p.major

A: Uni: Same side SB, rotate to opposite side, bilateral: Head extension

N: Suboccipital nerve

Obliquus Capitis inferior (Suboccipitals)

O: Spinous process of axis

I: lateral mass of atlas

A: rotation of head/neck

N:Suboccipital nerve

Splenius capitis

O: lower hald of nuchal ligament at Spinous process of C7, T1-T3

I: Mastoid process of temporal bone

A: laterally flexion & ipsilaterally rotate the neck

N: posterior rami of C2-C3 spinal nerve

Splenius Cervicis

O: Spinous process of T3-T6

I: Posterior tubercles of Transverse process of C2-C3

A:Cervical extension, ipsilateral rotation and lateral flexion

N: Dorsal rami of C5, C6, C7, C8

Semispinalis capitis

O: articular process of C5-C7 & Transverse process of T1-T6

I: occiput

A: bilateral: neck & head extension, unilateral: rotation of neck/head ? contralaterally

N: posterior rami of C2-C3 spinal nerves

C5

bicep (lateral)

C6

Thumb

C7

pointer & middle finger

C8

Ring & pinky

T1

Medial Arm