MCAT Biochemistry Review

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10 Terms

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Amino acids

-Amino acids
-Proteinogenic amino acids
-Cahn-Ingold-Prelog system

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Acid-Base Chemistry of AMino Acids

-Amphoteric species
-pKa 1 + 2
-Zwitterions
-Titration
-pI (isoelectric point)

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Equation for pI of neutral AA

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Equation for pI of acidic AA

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Equation for pI of basic AA

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Peptide Bond Formation

-Peptides
-Residues
-Dipeptides/tripeptides
-Oligopeptides/polypeptides
-Peptide (amide) bonds
-Condensation/dehydration (acyl substitution reaction)
-N-terminus and C-terminus

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Peptide Bond Hydrolysis

-Trypsin + chymotrypsin
-Hydrogen to amide nitrogen
-OH to carbonyl carbon

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Protein structure: 1 + 2

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Protein Structure: 3 + 4

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Denaturation

-Solutes (e.g., urea)
-disrupt disulfide bridges
-Detergents (e.g., SDS), solubilize proteins