Bill of Rights/Constitution

The Constitution

document that outlines the rules of our government

Preamble

Introduction to the Constitution

Federalism

Concept in the Constitution that divided the power to govern between a stronger federal government and state governments.

Separation of powers

concept in the Constitution that divided power up between 3 branches, each with their own area of responsibility.

Federalist

person who wanted a stronger federal government. They succeeded in getting the Constitution approved

Anti-federalist

Person who didn't want a stronger federal government. They succeeded in getting a Bill of rights added to the Constitution

Federalist Papers

a series of 85 essays written by Hamilton, Madison, and Jay (using the name "publius") published in NY newspapers and used to convince readers to adopt the new constitution, also gives us insight into what they were thinking

Bill of Rights

first 10 amendments to the Constitution

Amendment

A written change to the Constitution. It takes 75% of the states to add these to the Constitution.

interpretation

another way the constitution's meaning can be changed.

First Amendment

5 freedoms: speech, press, religion, assembly, petition

Second Amendment

Right to bear arms

Third Amendment

No quartering of soldiers

Fourth Amendment

Protects against unreasonable search and seizure

Fifth Amendment

Right to be indicted, right to remain silent, right to due process of law before your life, liberty or property can be taken, no double jeopardy, eminent domain

Sixth Amendment

Right to a speedy trial, Right to have the help of a lawyer, right to hear and question witnesses

Seventh Amendment

Right to a jury trial in certain civil cases (based on the value of the dispute)

Eighth Amendment

No cruel and unusual punishment, no excessive bail

Ninth Amendment

you get more than these 10 rights

Tenth Amendment

states have other rights these are called reserved

Limits on the rights in the Bill of rights. You can't violate any of these by exercising your rights

Clear and present danger; Compelling government interest; National security; Libel or slander;

Public safety; Equal opportunity.