Chapter 21 - Genomes and Their Evolution

Genomes

________ differ in terms of size, the number of genes, and gene density.

Transposable elements

________ and associated sequences are the most common form of repetitive DNA in multicellular eukaryotes.

bacterium genomes

There are around 5, 000 ________ and 242 archaeal genomes in the totally sequenced category.

Homeotic genes

________ and certain other genes linked with animal development have a homeobox region whose sequence is substantially conserved across numerous species.

forms of transposable elements

There are two ________ in eukaryotes: transposons, which travel via a DNA intermediary, and retrotransposons, which are more common and move via an RNA intermediate.

bioinformatics

The necessity to cope with this ever-increasing flow of information has given rise to the discipline of ________, which is concerned with the use of computational tools to store and interpret biological data.

whole-genome shotgun approach

The term ________ refers to starting with the cloning and sequencing of DNA fragments from randomly cut DNA.

proteomics

The scientific breakthrough made possible by sequencing genomes and analyzing huge sets of genes have inspired scientists to do comparable systematic investigations of protein sets and their characteristics (such as abundance, chemical changes, and interactions), a method known as ________.