PATHFIT Prelims

SUPINE

position the body is lying flat instead of standing upright, with the same positioning of the limbs 

PRONE

the body lies flat with the chest down and the back up

RIGHT LATERAL RECUMBENT

means the person is lying on his right side. 

LEFT LATERAL RECUMBENT

means that the person is lying on the left side.  

CORONAL PLANE

a vertical plane running from side to side dividing the body or any of its parts into anterior and posterior portions. 

SAGITTAL PLANE

a vertical plane running from front to back dividing the body or any of its parts into right and left sides 

TRANSVERSE PLANE

a horizontal Plane which 1 divides the body into cranial (head) upper and caudal (tail) lower portions.

MEDIAN SAGITTAL PLANE

through the midline of the body dividing the body or any of its parts into right and left halves.  

SUPERIOR OR CRANIAL

toward the head end of the body; upper (example, the hand is part of the superior extremity)

INFERIOR OR CAUDAL

away from the head; lower (example, the foot is part of the inferior extremity)

ANTERIOR OR VENTRAL

front

POSTERIOR OR DORSAL

back

PROXIMAL

toward or nearest the trunk or the point of origin of a Part (example, the _____ end of the femur joins with the pelvic bone). 

DISTAL

away from or farthest from the trunk or the point or origin of a part (example, the hand is located at the distal end of the forearm).   

FLEXION

bending

EXTENSION

straightening

ABDUCTION

means the movement away from the median plane.

ADDUCTION

means movement towards the median plane.

CIRCUMDUCTION

is a circular movement which includes the previous movements.

MEDIAL ROTATION

where the anterior surface of the bone faces medially 

LATERAL ROTATION

where the anterior surface of the bone faces laterally

INVERSION

movement occurs only in the feet where the plantar surface of the foot faces medially 

EVERSION

the plantar surface of the foot faces laterally 

PHYSICAL FITNESS

is the ability to perform one's daily task efficiently without undue fatigue but with extra reserve in case of emergency, it involves the performance of the heart lungs and muscles of the body thus reduce sedentary behavior 

FITNESS ASSESSMENTS

are a series of tests that measure and monitor student’s physical fitness.

FITNESS

is defined as a condition in which an individual has enough energy to avoid fatigue and enjoy life.

SKILL-RELATED FITNESS

enhances one’s performance in athletic or sports events.

HEALTH-RELATED FITNESS

is the ability to become and stay physically healthy.

HEALTH RELATED FITNESS

is focused on factors that promote optimum health and prevent the onset of disease and problems associated with inactivity.

BODY COMPOSITION

The amount of fat mass compared to lean muscle mass, bone and organs.

CARDIORESPIRATORY ENDURANCE

Ability of the heart and lungs to work together to provide the needed oxygen and fuel to the body during sustained workloads.

FLEXIBILITY

The range of motion of muscle and connective tissues at a joint or group of joints. It is the ability of a joint or series of joints to move through an unrestricted, pain free range of motion.

MUSCULAR ENDURANCE

The ability of a particular muscle group to exert force, continuously and repetitively, over a period of time. It refers to fatigue resistance of a particular muscle group.

MUSCULAR STRENGTH

The amount of force a particular muscle group can produce in one, all-out effort, Muscular strength refers to your ability to move and lift objects. It's measured by how much force you can exert and how much weight you can lift for a short period of time.

SKILL-RELATED FITNESS

is the ability to perform during games and sports, also called performance fitness. Skill related components are more relevant to certain athletes. Skill related fitness has six components.   

AGILITY

The ability to move quickly and to easily change direction.

BALANCE

The state of equilibrium. It refers to the ability of the body position to remain upright. It deals with proprioception, or knowing where your body is in space, and being able to adjust your position as your center of gravity changes during movement

COORDINATION

The ability to execute smooth, accurate, controlled motor responses (optimal interaction of muscle function), It is characterized by appropriate speed, distance, direction, timing, and muscular tension.

POWER

Combines speed and strength. Wood (2010) author of Topend Sports Website, defined power as the ability to exert a maximal force in as short a time as possible, as in accelerating, jumping, and throwing implements.

REACTION TIME

Refers to how quickly you can respond to an external stimulus. Reaction time hinges heavily on your mind- body connection. Your eyes see a stimulus, your mind interprets the stimulus, and your body reacts in accordance with that interpretation.

SPEED

Refers to the distance traveled per unit of time. It is how fast an object is moving. It doesn't have a direction.