BIO MOD 3

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10 Terms

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What is the central dogma of molecular biology?
DNA is transcribed into RNA
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What is a gene?
A segment of DNA that codes for a specific protein or trait.
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What is a genotype?
The genetic makeup of an organism.
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What is a phenotype?
The physical expression of a genotype.
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What is a dominant allele?
An allele that is expressed even when only one copy is present.
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What is a recessive allele?
An allele that is only expressed when two copies are present.
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What is Mendel's Law of Segregation?
Each individual has two alleles for a trait which separate during gamete formation.
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What is Mendel's Law of Independent Assortment?
Genes for different traits are inherited independently if on different chromosomes.
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What is incomplete dominance?
A genetic scenario where the heterozygous phenotype is a blend of both alleles.
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What is codominance?
A situation where both alleles in a heterozygote are fully expressed (e.g. AB blood type).