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Limited Gov
constitution restricts govs powers
natural rights
right to life, Liberty, and property
can’t be taken away
popular sovereignty
govs right to rule comes from the people
republicanism
govs authority comes from people (vote for representatives)
social contract
ppl allow gov to rule over them to ensure orderly functioning society
participatory democracy
widepsread political participation
pluralist
groups
eliist
wealth unproportional power
bicameral
two house legislture
writ of habeas corpus
right of people detained by gov to know charges against them
checks and balances
branch has powers to say no to each other to prevent one branch from having too much power
faction
group of self-interested people
exclusive powers
pwrs exclusive to nat gov
only nat gov can exercise
concurrent powers
power to state and fed gov in Con
mandates
Terms or goals set by the national government that the states have to meet
A requirement the federal government imposes as a condition for receiving federal funds
revenue sharing
fed gov gives tax money to states without strings attached
grants-in-aid
GIA
fed give money to states for public policy
categorical grants
GIA to states with specific use provisions
block grants
GIA where state officials have more authority in disbursement of fed funds
enumerated/expressed powers
explicit;y grantes to nat gov through Con
implied powers
authority of fed gov that goes beyond expressed powers not specifically granted to nat gov but necessary to carry out functions
commerce clause
congress authority to reg interstate busi and com activity
necessary and proper clause
article I section 8
congress has powers to carry out enumerated powers
allows congress the ability to make laws or to act where the constitution doesn't give it authority to act
great compromise
based on V and NJ
bicameral legislature
house of representatives proportional and senete equal
three fifths compromise
slaves count as 3/5 a person toward HOR population count
ex post facto laws
punish for acts that weren’t crimes at the time
bills of attainder
legislature declares someone guilty without a trial
original jurisdiction
authority of court to act as 1st court to hear case (finding facts)
duel federalism
states + nat gov operate ind in own areas of policy
cooperative federalism
states + nat gov together shape public polcy
full faith and credit clause
con clause requires states t recognize public acts, records, and courts from other states
privileges and immunities clause
prevents the state from discriminating from people out of state
supremecy clause
constitution provision declares that the con (and not laws and treaties) are supreme law of the land
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