SC 6 - Inheritance and Genetic Variation - 25/26

Flashcards covering key terms and definitions related to inheritance and genetic variation.

Allele

A version of a gene.

Asexual Reproduction

The reproductive process that involves one parent and produces offspring identical to the parent.

Gene

The basic physical and functional unit of heredity made up of DNA.

Genetic Variation

The variety of gene combinations that exist within a population.

Inherited Trait

A characteristic that is passed from parent to offspring.

Offspring

A product of reproduction; a new organism produced by one or more parents.

Punnett Square

A tool used to analyze the possible allele combinations of the offspring between two individuals.

Sexual Reproduction

The reproductive process involving two parents whose genetic material is combined to produce a new organism different from themselves.

Variation

The occurrence of an organism, trait, or gene in more than one form.

Phenotype

The physical characteristics of an organism.

Genotype

The genetic makeup of an organism, consisting of the alleles inherited from its parents. Written as two letters. (Hh, HH, hh)

Heterozygous

An organism that has two different alleles for a particular gene, such as Hh.

Homozygous

An organism that has two identical alleles for a particular gene, such as HH or hh.