Bio 168 Module 2 Quiz

simple epithelium

consists of a single layer of cells, with each cell extending from the basement membrane to the free surface

stratified epithelium

consists of more than one layer of cells, but only the basal layer attaches the deepest layer to the basement membrane

pseudostratified columnar epithelium

Is a special type of simple epithelium. The prefix pseudo- means false, this type of epithelium appears to be stratified but is not.

transitional epithelium

A special type of stratified epithelium. The shape of its cells changes from cuboidal and columnar to squamouslike when stretched.

Squamos

cells are flat or scale like

Cuboidal

cells are cube-shaped about as wide as they are tall

Columnar

Cells tend to be taller than wide

nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium

Living cells at both the deepest and superficial layers

keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

Living cells at ONLY the deepest layer

tissue repair

the substitution of viable cells for dead cells by regeneration or replacement

Difference between regeneration and replacement

Regeneration- The new cells are the same type as before

Replacement- a new type of tissue develops

Labile cells

Continue to divide throughout life. Found in skin, mucous membranes, and hemopoietic and lymphatic membranes

Stable cells

cells that stop regenerating when growth is complete but can resume regeneration if injured. Found in connective tissues, the liver, and endocrine glands

Permanent cells

Cells that can't regenerate. If killed usually replaced by different type of cell. Neurons, skeletal and cardiac muscles.

Primary Union

condition of a wound where the wound edges are close enough to be brought together and fastened if necessary, allowing quicker and more thorough healing

secondary union

edges of wound are not closed; greater chance of infection

granulation tissue

the tissue that normally forms during the healing of a wound

Characteristics of epithelial tissue

Covers free surfaces; lacks blood vessels; composed various glands; anchored to connective tissue by a basement membrane

What embryonic germ layer gives rise to muscle, bone, and blood vessels

Mesoderm

Stratified epithelium is usually found in areas of the body where the principal activity is

Protection

In parts of the body where considerable expansion occurs, such as the urinary bladder, which type of epithelium would you expect to find

Transitional

Epithelial cells with microvilli are most likely found

lining of the small intestine

Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium can be found lining the

Trachea

A type of cell connection whose only function is to prevent cells from coming apart is

desmosomes

The glands that lose their connection with epithelium during embryonic development and secrete their cellular products into the bloodstream are called

Endocrine Glands

Mesenchymal Cells

Form embryonic connective tissue, give rise to all adult connective tissue, in adults produce new connective tissue cells in response to injury

A tissue with a large number of collagen fibers organized parallel to each other would most likely be found in

A tendon

In which of these locations is dense irregular elastic connective tissue found

Large Arteries

Which of these types of connective tissue has the smallest amount of extracellular matrix

Adipose

Fibrocartilage is Found

between the vertebrae

A tissue compund of cells located in lacunae surrounded by a hard matrix of hydroxyapatite

Bone

Chemical mediators

initiate processes that lead to edema

Papillary Layer

Respnsible for fingerprints and footprints,

Reticular Layer

Most of the structural strength of the skin, cleavage lines and stretch marks

If a splinter penetrates the skin of the palm of the hand to the second epidermal layer from the surface, the last layer damaged is the

Stratum Lucidum

Epidermis layers (deep to superficial)

stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum, stratum corneum

stratum granulosum

Production of Keratin fibers; formation of lamellar bodies; limited amount of cell division

stratum basale

Sloughing occurs; 25 or more layers of dead squamos cells

stratum corneum

Production of cells; Melanocytes produce and contribute melanin; hemidesmosomes present

stratum lucidum

Production of keratohyalin granules; lamellar bodies release lipids; cells die

stratum granulosum

Dispersion of keratohyalin around keratin fibers; layer appears transparent; cells dead