Classical Architecture Lecture Notes

These flashcards cover key terms and concepts related to classical architecture, including notable buildings, architectural orders, and historical periods.

Classical Antiquity

The period from the 8th century BCE to the 5th century CE, including Archaic, Classical, and Hellenistic periods.

Parthenon

A temple in Athens built between 447-436 BCE, dedicated to the goddess Athena.

Trabeated system

A construction method using beams and columns in architecture.

Naos

The inner chamber of a temple where the statue of the deity was housed.

Agora

The central public space in ancient Greece, serving as a marketplace and forum.

Colosseum

A large amphitheater in Rome, constructed between 70-82 CE, known for its monumental architecture.

Pantheon

A Roman temple built in 27 BCE, known for its large dome and oculus.

Ionic Order

One of the classical orders of Greek architecture characterized by slender, fluted columns and volutes.

Arch of Constantine

A triumphal arch in Rome completed in 315 CE, celebrating Emperor Constantine's victory.

Concrete

A building material used extensively by the Romans, allowing for larger and more diverse constructions.

Doric Order

The simplest of the classical orders of Greek architecture, characterized by sturdy columns without bases.

Hellenistic Period

The period from 323-146 BCE marked by the expansion of Greek culture.

Neoclassical Architecture

An architectural style that draws inspiration from classical Greek and Roman design.

Vitruvius

A Roman architect and engineer known for his treatise 'De Architectura' covering architectural theory and practice.

Frontal Orientation

A characteristic of Roman temples where the entrance is clearly defined and faces the viewer directly.

Polykleitos

An ancient Greek sculptor known for his work on proportion and anatomy that influenced architectural design.