Business Intelligence and Information Systems Exam Review

These flashcards cover key concepts related to Business Intelligence, Information Systems, Data Management, and Project Management as discussed in the lecture.

Business Intelligence (BI)

Provides insights to support better decisions.

Data Warehouse

Central repository of historical, subject-oriented data.

Data Mart

A miniature warehouse for one department.

The 3 Vs of Big Data

Volume, Velocity, Variety summarizing challenges of massive datasets.

Dashboard

A visual display of key metrics at a glance.

Data Cleansing

Ensures that data are accurate, consistent, and free of errors.

Predictive Analytics

Estimates future outcomes.

Anomaly

A value that deviates significantly from the norm.

Evidence-Based Decisions

Ability to make faster, evidence-based decisions.

Metadata

Data about data, providing definitions and formats.

Clustering Analysis

Segmenting customers by purchasing habits.

Data Governance

Policies and roles ensuring data quality and security.

BI Scorecard

Tracks progress against predefined objectives.

Self-Service BI

Empowers end users to build their own ad-hoc reports.

Single Version of the Truth

Consistent, agreed-upon definitions for key metrics.

Insight Dissemination

Sharing results in a form people can consume.

Natural Language Querying

Allows asking questions in everyday language.

Ethical BI Practice

Attention to data privacy and bias mitigation.

Data Lake

Store raw, varied data for later analysis.

BI Initiatives Success Measurement

Measured chiefly by improved business decisions.

Power BI

A tool for creating interactive data visualizations.

Power BI Cloud Reporting

Allows access and interaction with visuals via a web browser.

Row-Level Security (RLS)

Restrict data rows a viewer can see based on their role.

Get Data

Connect to diverse sources such as Excel or SQL.

Fields Pane in Power BI

Shows available tables and columns for visuals.

Automatic Data Refresh

Keeps reports synchronized with the latest source data.

Power BI Dashboard

Single-page summaries that can mix tiles from various reports.

Filter Pane in Reports

Limits the displayed data according to chosen criteria.

Themes in Power BI

Ensuring consistent color and font style across visuals.

Power BI Workspaces

Organize related reports, datasets, and dashboards with access control.

Import Mode in Power BI

Data is stored in memory for fast querying.

DirectQuery

Queries executed on the source system in real-time.

Power BI Mobile App

View and interact with dashboards on mobile devices.

Power BI Bookmarks

Captures saved views for storytelling.

Primary Purpose of Power Query

Transform and shape data before entering the model.

Sharing in Power BI

Granting view privileges to selected colleagues.

Power BI's Q&A Visual

Allows asking natural language questions to generate visuals.

Properly Designed Data Model

Follows star or snowflake principles for clarity and performance.

Gateway Installation Unnecessary

When all data sources are cloud-based.

CIA Triad

Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability.

Phishing

A form of social engineering to deceive users.

Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA)

Requires two types of proof to enhance security.

Vulnerability

A weakness that could be exploited by a threat.

Ransomware

Malware demanding payment to restore access.

Encryption

Protects data by rendering it unreadable without a key.

Firewall Function

Controls network traffic between trust zones.

Security Awareness Training

Reduces human error-driven incidents.

Incident Response Plan

Establish clear roles and communication steps.

Patch in Security

An update that fixes software flaws.

Defense-in-Depth

Multiple layers of protection to reduce risks.

Personally Identifiable Information (PII)

Data that uniquely identifies an individual.

Botnet Definition

A network of compromised computers under central control.

Integrity Breaches

Unauthorized alteration of data.

DoS Attack

Targets Availability by flooding resources.

Security Logs Importance

Provide evidence for detecting incidents.

Risk Conceptual Expression

Threat × Vulnerability × Impact.

HIPAA Purpose

Protects health information security and privacy.

VPN Purpose

Secures remote connections with an encrypted tunnel.

Basic Security Risk Assessment Step

Identify and value critical assets.

Systems Development

Creating and maintaining information systems.

SDLC First Formal Phase

Defining goals, scope, and feasibility.

Requirements Gathering Purpose

Capture user needs for system functionality.

Prototype Use

Provides a tangible model for user feedback.

Feasibility Analysis

Examines operational feasibility and fit.

Parallel Conversion

Running old and new systems side by side during transition.

Gantt Chart Function

Visualizes task durations and dependencies.

User Acceptance Testing (UAT) Timing

Just prior to go-live to validate system functionality.

Maintenance Activities

Includes fixing defects and adding features.

Scope Creep Definition

Uncontrolled addition of new features or requirements.

Agile Methods Focus

Iterative, incremental delivery with continual feedback.

Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) Purpose

Organizes tasks into a hierarchical decomposition.

Use Case Diagram Purpose

Captures interactions between actors and the system.

Plunge Conversion Risk

High risk but low cost.

Version Control Systems Purpose

Track changes and collaborate on source code.

Testing Goal in SDLC

Discover and correct defects before release.

Stakeholder Analysis Purpose

Identifies all parties affected and their interests.

Functional Requirements Definition

Describes what the system must do.

Change Control Processes Importance

Evaluates and approves modifications systematically.

Successful SDLC Project Evaluation

Judged on meeting scope, time, cost, and quality objectives.

Triple Constraint

Balances scope, time, and cost.

Critical Path Definition

Tasks with zero float that delay the entire project.

PERT Charts Usage

Estimating project duration using time estimates.

Risk Mitigation Definition

Taking actions to reduce probability or impact.

Stakeholder Register Usage

Documents individuals/groups and their interest/influence.

Earned Value Management (EVM) Purpose

Compares planned work versus work completed.

Fast Tracking Definition

Compressing schedule by overlapping tasks.

Crashing Definition

Shortening schedule by allocating extra resources.

Change Request Evaluation Importance

Analyze the impact on project constraints.

Lessons Learned Documentation Timing

Produced during project closure.

Information System (IS) Definition

Combines people, technology, and processes to manage information.

Management Information Systems (MIS) Purpose

Supply reports to support decision-making.

ERP System Aim

Integrate key business processes into one platform.

CRM System Purpose

Optimize customer interactions and loyalty.

Decision Support Systems (DSS) Features

Supports complex decision evaluation using analytical models.

Supply Chain Management (SCM) Software Purpose

Coordinates flow from suppliers to customers.

Cloud Computing Benefits

On-demand, scalable resources billed as utilities.

Identity & Access Management (IAM) Purpose

Centralizes user authentication and permissions.

IS Department Responsibility

Protect information assets with cybersecurity controls.

Value of MIS Initiatives Measurement

How well they support organizational goals.

Five Components of an Information System

Hardware, software, data, procedures, people.