Exercise 25: Survey of Protists - Algal Autotrophs

What are the two components that make up the scientific name?

1. Genus name

2. Species

Scientific name Italicized (T/F)

True

Why would we use a scientific name?

It might mean something different in a different language or even region - scientific names keep it clear

What is the genus name and what is the species name? Aloe vera

Genus: Aloe

Species: vera

The Genus names are ___________ and species names are ____________

Uppercase; lowercase

What does “auto” as a prefix mean?

Self

What is an autotroph?

Make their own food

We are only identifying ___________.

Eukaryotes

What is the order of the taxonomic group?

1. Domain

2. Kingdom

3. Phylum

4. Class

5. Order

6. Family

7. Genus

8. Species

The higher you go in taxonomy, the more/less inclusive you are.

More

The lower you go in taxonomy, the more/less population there is.

Less

If species are in the same family, they are similar/different in:

• Principles

• Characteristics

Similar

What are the 4 Kingdoms in Domain Eukarya?

1. Protista

2. Fungi

3. Plantae

4. Animalia

What is the big difference of Eukarya from Archea and Bacteria?

Organelles

• Base of food chain

• Animal- or plant- like

• Polyphylic

• Has supergroups

Based on these characteristics, what kingdom of Eukarya is this?

A) Plantae

B) Protista

C) Fungi

D) Animalia

B)

A taxonomic group that includes multiple species or lineages that do not share a common ancestor

In order words - a tricky group to categorize well

Polyphyletic

It takes the place of phylum level in the protists kingdom

Supergroups

What are the supergroups in protists?

1. Archarplastida

2. Chromalveolata

3. Excavate

4. Amoebozoa

5. Rhizaria

6. Opisthokoma

What supergroup is this?

Members:

• green algae, red algae, charophytes

Distinguished Features:

• Plastids, unicellular, colonial, and multicellular

Archaeplastida

What supergroup is this?

Members:

• Stramenpiles: Brown algae, diatoms, golden brown algae, water molds

• Alveolates: ciliates, apicomplexans, dinoflagellates

Distinguished Features:

• Most with plastids; unicellular and multicellular

• Alveoli support plasma membrane; unicellular

Chromalveolata

What type of member from the Chromalveolata supergroup has these protists?

• Brown algae, diatoms, golden brown algae, water molds

Stramenopiles

What type of member from the Chromalveolata supergroup has these protists?

• Ciliates, apicomplexans, dinoflagellates

Alveolates

What supergroup is this?

Members: Euglenoids, kinetoplastids, parabaslids, diplomonads

Distinguished Features: Feeding groove, unique flagella; unicellular

Excavate

What supergroup is this?

Members: Amoeboids, plasmodia’s and cellular slime molds

Distinguished Features: Pseudopods, unicellular

Amoebozoa

What supergroup is this?

Members: Foraminiferans, radiolarians

Distinguished Features: Thin pseudopods; some with tests; unicellular

Rhizaria

What supergroup is this?

Members: Choanoflagellates, animals, nucleariids, fungi

Distinguished Features: Some with flagella; unicellular and colonial

Opisthikonta

Algal autotrophs are plant- like so they have an organelle called ___________. They can be ____________, ____________, and _____________.

Chlorophyll; unicellular; filamentous; colonial

This characterization of cell looks like a string or a ribbon

Filamentous

This cellular characteristic can look like a family, multicellular

Colonial

Green algae Is the most ________ fresh water algae

Diverse

What member from Archeoplastida is this?

• Could be Uni- or multicellular

• Could be filamentous or colonial

• Ancestors of land plants

Green Algae

Genus of green algae that is motile and unicellular?

Chlamydomonas

Genus do green algae that is filamentous. It is characterized as “pond scum.” It has a conjunction tube, nucleus, and zygote.

Spirogyra

Genus of green algae that is colonial. It has reproductive cell and vegetation cells.

Volvox

Which supergroup is the Red algae in?

Archaeplastida

What member from Archeoplastida is this?

• Multicellular

• Filamentous or fleshy

• Source of agar, ice cream thickener, sushi, cosmetics

Red Algae

When something has a tissue-papery style we describe is as a ___________ characteristic

Fleshy

________ is a gelatinous substance derived from seaweed. It is commonly used in laboratories as a culture medium for growing microorganisms, as well as in the food industry as a thickening agent and vegetarian alternative to gelatin.

Solidifies when cooled

Agar

Red algae is used in cosmetics by adding _______

Color

Which supergroup is the Brown algae in?

Chromalveolata

What is another name for brown algae?

Kelp

What supergroup are Diatoms in?

Chromalveolata

What member from the Chromalveolata group is this?

• Unicellular

• SIlicone dioxide (glass) cell wall

Diatoms

What group are Dinoflagellates in?

Chromalveolata

What member from the Chromalveolata group is this?

• Unicellular, motile

• Red tide toxin

• Bioluminescence (they can glow)

Dinoflagellates

When together they produce a toxin that kill the sea animals called the _________

Red tide toxin

What supergroup are the Eulenoids in?

Excavate

What member from Excavata group is this?

• Unicellular

• Has a:

  • Flagellum

  • Nucleus

  • Chloroplasts

  • Contractile vacuole

  • Eyespot

Euglenoids

This characteristic in Euglenoids help detect shadows

Eyespot