Lab Practical 2 pt4

What are the key characteristics of the Division Cycadophyta?

1) Produce large leaves that are mistaken for palms
2) Pollinated by insects, mostly beetles
3) Cycads reproduce using male and female cones produced on different plants

What plants belong to the Division Cycadophyta?

Cycads

What are the key characteristics of the Division Ginkgophyta?

1) Deciduous, fan-shaped leaves
2) Leaves turn yellow in autumn
3) Male and female cones are borne on separate trees

What plants belong to the Division Ginkgophyta?

Ginkgos

What division belongs to Angiosperms?

1) Magnoliophyta

What are the key characteristics of the Division Magnoliophyta?

1) Monophyletic group
2) Has flowers that produce seed-enclosed fruits
3) Flowers are arranged into four parts that are arranged into four groups called whorls

What are the groups belonging to the Division Magnoliophyta?

1) Basal angiosperms
2) Eudicots
3) Monocots

What are the key characteristics of Eudicots?

1) Known as true dicots
2) Has three openings in their pollen grain walls
3) Parts of the different floral whorls are typically in multiples of four or five

What plants belong to Eudicots?

Roses and Strawberries

What are the key characteristics of Monocots?

1) Has one opening in their pollen grain walls
2) Parts of the different floral whorls are typically in multiples of three

What plants belong to Monocots?

Palm Trees and Tulips

What temperatures are best for E. Coli growth?A) 25 C B) 30 C C) 35 C D) 40 C

B) 30 C C) 35 C

What is a null hypothesis saying?

There is not a difference in the groups that are being compared.

Do you accept or reject the null hypothesis if there is a significance in the tests?

Reject

Do you accept or reject the null hypothesis if there is a not significance in the tests?

Accept

How do you know if there is a significant difference in a t-test?

The t-stat value is larger than the t-critical value

How do you know if an ANOVA test has a significant difference?

The p-value will be below 0.05

What are the key characteristics of an ancestral skull?

1) Sagittal line
2) Lambdoidal line
3) Super angled face
4) Elongated pointy canine teeth
5) No distinct forehead
6) Small braincase behind eyes

What are the key characteristics of a modern human skull?

1) No sagittal line
2) No lambdoidal line
3) Prominent forehead
4) Canines are the same size as incisors
5) Distinct forehead
6) Brain case is large and rounded

Define the cranial breadth measurement

Maximum width of the cranium.

Define the cranial length measurement

Length from brow ridge to back of the skull.

Define the facial breadth measurement

Distance from outside surface of zygomatic arch to the zygomatic arch

Define the skull length measurement

Length from front of the skull to back of the skull.

Define the foramen magnum measurement: Distance from the foramen magnum to the back of the skull

Define the facial projection length measurement

: Distance from the auditory canal to the front of the skull

What measurement of the jaw is the ILT?

TMJ to Coronoid

What measurement of the jaw is the OLC?

TMJ to Canine

What measurement of the jaw is the OLM?

TMJ to Molar

What measurement of the jaw is the ILM?

TMJ to Angle of Mandible

What are the key characteristics of the fruit type Achene?

1) Developed from a single flower
2) Developed from one ovary
3) Dry at maturity
4) Indehiscent at maturity
5) Not winged
6) Seed not fused to the fruit wall
7) Fruit wall close-fitting to the seed
8) Thin wall

Name an Achene fruit

: Sunflower seed

What are the key characteristics of the fruit type Aggregate?

1) Developed from a single flower
2) Developed from two or more ovaries
3) Ovaries develop into fleshy drupelets

Name an Aggregate fruit

: Raspberry

What are the key characteristics of the fruit type Berry?

1) Developed from a single flower
2) Developed from one ovary
3) Fleshy at maturity
4) Thin skin
5) Homogeneous texture throughout

Name a Berry fruit

: Banana

What are the key characteristics of the fruit type Caryopsis?

1) Developed from a single flower
2) Developed from one ovary
3) Dry at maturity
4) Indehiscent at maturity
5) Not winged
6) Seed fused to the fruit wall

Name a Caryopsis fruit

: Corn

What are the key characteristics of the fruit type Drupe?

1) Developed from single flower
2) Developed from one ovary
3) Fleshy at maturity
4) Heterogenous texture throughout
5) Outer part is soft and thin-skinned
6) One seed surrounded by hard and bony endocarp

Name a Drupe fruit

Peach

What are the key characteristics of the fruit type Hesperidium?

1) Developed from single flower
2) Developed from one ovary
3) Fleshy at maturity
4) Outer part is tough, hard, and leathery
5) Septa present, outer rind leathery

Name a Hesperidium fruit

Orange

What are the key characteristics of the fruit type Legume?

1) Developed from single flower
2) Developed from one ovary
3) Dehiscent at maturity
4) Simple ovary, developed from one carpel
5) Opening along two seams
6) Not constricted between seeds

Name a Legume fruit

Pea

What are the key characteristics of the fruit type Multiple?

1) Developed from two or more separate flowers
2) Consists mostly of tightly clustered ripened ovaries

Name a Multiple fruit

Pineapple

What are the key characteristics of the fruit type Nut?

1) Developed from single flower
2) Developed from one ovary
3) Dry at maturity
4) Indehiscent at maturity
5) Not winged
6) Seed not fused to fruit wall
7) Fruit wall close-fitting to seed
8) Hard and bony wall

Name a Nut fruit

Acorn

What are the key characteristics of the fruit type Pepo?

1) Developed from single flower
2) Developed from one ovary
3) Fleshy at maturity
4) Heterogenous texture
5) Outer part is tough, hard, and leathery
6) Septa absent, outer rind tough and thick

Name a Pepo fruit

Cucumber

What are the key characteristics of the fruit type Pome?

1) Developed from single flower
2) Developed from one ovary
3) Fleshy at maturity
4) Outer part is soft and thin-skinned
5) Multiple seeds surrounded by papery or cartilaginous structure in the center

Name a Pome fruit

Apple

What are the key characteristics of the fruit type Samara?

1) Developed from single flower
2) Developed from one ovary
3) Dry at maturity
4) Indehiscent at maturity
5) Winged

Name a Samara fruit

Maple

What are some characteristics of dicots?

1) Two cotyledons
2) Net-branching venation
3) Vascular bundles arranged in ring with distinct cortex and pith
4) Has vascular cambien

What are some characteristics of monocots?

1) One cotyledon
2) Parallel venation
3) Vascular bundles scattered in cortex of stem
4) No vascular cambien