NUR 2030: Thorax, Lymphatic, and Breast Health Assessment Notes

Vocabulary flashcards covering breast health assessment, risk factors, screening standards, and physical examination techniques.

Fibrocystic breast disease

A benign breast condition that causes scar tissue and lumpy breast tissue, making it harder to palpate for new lumps.

Galactorrhea

Fluid leaking from the breast that is not related to lactation; can be caused by medications such as oral contraceptives and calcium channel blockers.

Self Breast Exam (SBE) Timing

An optional exam best performed between days 4-7 of the menstrual cycle, after menstruation ends, when breast tissue is least congested.

BRCA 1 and BRCA 2 Gene Mutations

Mutations in genes that are meant to function as tumor suppressors, which prevent them from functioning properly and increase breast cancer risk.

Mammography Screening Guidelines (ACS)

Screening guidelines that recommend optional annual screening for average risk individuals aged 40-44, and annual screening for age 45+ across all risk levels.

Peau d'orange

An orange peel appearance of the skin caused by the blockage of lymphatic drainage, commonly found in inflammatory breast cancer.

Pendulous Breasts

Larger breasts that require reinspection while the patient is seated and leaning forward from the waist, as tumors can look different in various positions due to skin pulling.

Unilateral Nipple Inversion

Inversion occurring on only one nipple, which is a clinical sign of a potential mass behind the nipple.

Montgomery Tubercles

Oil glands that appear as small bumps on the areola due to hormone changes, which are considered a normal finding.

5 Ds of Nipples

The five findings to assess during a nipple exam: Discharge, Depression or inversion, Discoloration, Dermatologic changes, and Deviation.

Breast Palpation Technique

Using the pads of the first 3 fingers in a circular motion to assess dense, firm, elastic tissue for nodularity, tenderness, or masses.

Lying Down Breast Exam Position

Positioning the patient flat on their back with a small pillow under their shoulder and their hand placed behind their head.