B4: Thermodynamics

Physics 11

Isobaric

Constant pressure change

Isothermal

Constant temperature change

Isovolumetric

Constant volume change

Adiabatic

Change with no exchange of heat with the surroundings

Entropy

A measure of how spread out or disordered energy is in a system.

First Law of Thermodynamics

The amount of heat energy Q added to a gas must equal the work done by the gas, W, plus the increase in internal energy

Second Law of Thermodynamics

In any cyclic process, entropy will stay the same or increase

Second Law of Thermodynamics

It is not possible for a heat engine working in a cycle to absorb thermal energy and transfer it to work (Kelvin-Planck)

Second Law of Thermodynamics

It is not possible for heat to be transferred from a cold body to a hot one without work being done (Clausius)

Amount of Thermal energy Formula

Work done by gas Formula

Change in Entropy Formula

Entropy Formula

Pressure of Monoatomic Gas x Volume of monoatomic gas (adiabatic process)

Efficiency Formula

Efficiency of Carnot cycle Formula