neurological disorders/diease

brain disorder; memory loss, confusion, simple tasks difficult; Tau protein & β-amyloid plaques disrupt communication and cause cell death; fatal

Alzheimer’s

neurodegenerative muscle weakening & paralysis; misfolded/aggregated proteins cause neuroinflammation; motor neurons die so signals can’t reach muscles; not fatal

ALS

autoimmune disorder; immune system attacks myelin causing demyelination; plaques form and disrupt signals; not fatal

Multiple Sclerosis

neurological disorder; seizures = bursts of excessive electrical activity overriding normal signaling; not fatal

Epilepsy

neurodegenerative disorder; CAG trinucleotide repeat in HTT gene causes toxic protein that kills neurons; leads to motor, cognitive, and psychiatric decline; not fatal

Huntington’s

neurodegenerative disorder; alpha-synuclein aggregates damage mitochondria → no ATP → cell death; cleanup systems fail → more stress + inflammation; dopamine loss in substantia nigra; causes motor, smell/sleep, and cognitive issues; not fatal

Parkinson’s

autoimmune attack involving harmful antibodies that target proteins in brain/spinal-cord cells → cell death; axons/myelin damaged; optic nerves & spinal cord affected causing vision loss, paralysis, numbness, bladder issues; not fatal

Neuromyelitis Optica (Devic’s)

inherited neurological disorder; mutations in 1 of 100+ genes damage peripheral nerves (myelin or axon) so signals can’t transmit; causes muscle weakness & sensory loss; not fatal

Charcot-Marie-Tooth

chronic disorder; central nervous system becomes hyper-responsive to both painful and non-painful stimuli; neurotransmitter imbalance; not fatal

Fibromyalgia