MCAT: Soc/Psych- Self Identity, Social Thinking, Social Interactions

Self concept

what is the culmination of: self construction, self identity, self perspective, self structure = who am I = gender, race, status, etc

Self esteem

how you feel about yourself

Self efficacy

your confidence in succeeding

Locus of control

who controls your fate

Internal locus of control

you control your fate

External locus of control

others, luck control your fate

race/ethnicity, gender, age, sexual orientation, class

what are different identities?

Kohlberg

what is this theory of development: development of moral thinking by cognitive reasoning, resolving moral dilemmas and the concept of right and wrong.

Preconventional morality (preadolescent)

what type of morality is centered on consequences

obedience and self-interest

What are the two parts of pre-conventional morality?

Obedience

fear of punishment

Self-interest

desire to gain reward

Conventional morality (adolescent)

what type of morality is centered around social roles

conformity and law and order

what are two parts of conventional morality

seeks approval of others. Eg. Good boys don’t steal.

Conformity

social order. Eg. If everyone steals, then society wouldn’t function.

Law and order

Postconventional morality (adult)

what type of morality is centered around social rules

social contract and universal human ethics

what are two part of postconventional morality

individual rights. Eg. Everyone has a right to live.

Social contract

abstract principles. Eg. Bribing the teacher for a good grade just feels wrong...

Universal human ethics:

freud

what is this theory of development: psychosexual, our sexuality and libido (sex drive) influences our psychology, and manifests differently as we develop.

fixation (overindulgence or frustration)

in freud’s theory if this happens, it will lead to problems later on

erikson

what is this theory of development: psychosocial, social interactions shapes psychology. Conflicts caused by social demands causes problems later on.

Trust/mistrust (0-1)

what part of Erikson’s social interaction: can I trust others? Conflict leads to later paranoia

Autonomy vs shame and doubt (1-3)

what part of Erikson’s social interaction: can I be myself? Conflict leads to external locus of control.

Initiative vs guilt (3-6)

what part of Erikson’s social interaction: can I act? Conflict leads to either being too afraid to act or overcompensating by showing off

Industry vs inferiority (6-12)

what part of Erikson’s social interaction: can I be competent? Conflict leads to low self esteem and self efficacy

Identity vs role confusion (12-20)

what part of Erikson’s social interaction: who am I? Conflict leads to lack of personality/identity.

Intimacy vs isolation (20-40)

what part of Erikson’s social interaction: can I love? Conflict leads to isolation and inability to form true relationships.

Generativity vs stagnation (40-65):

what part of Erikson’s social interaction: can I make a difference? Conflict leads to boredom or self-centeredness.

Integrity vs despair (65+):

what part of Erikson’s social interaction: did I live a good life? Conflict leads to bitterness and fear of death.

Imitation:

what is this Influence of individuals: we imitate role models, peers, especially those similar to us and those we identify with

Looking-glass self

what is this Influence of individuals: you're friends see you as funny. Your boss sees you as lazy. Your ex sees you as dumb. Your looking-glass self is a combination of all of these different perceived versions of you by other people.

Role-taking

what is this Influence of individuals: pretending to be or experimenting with other identities. Eg: play house, play doctor, etc.

reference group

who we compare ourselves to.