MSM

Sensory register

A stimulus from the environment eg the sound of someone’s name.

• Lasts very briefly.

• Lasts very briefly

• High capacity

Maintenance rehearsal

Occurs when we rehearse a material to our selves over and over again.we can keep info in our stm memory as long as we rehearse it long enough it passes into long term memory.

LTM

Phsychologist believe that its capacity is unlimited and can last very many years eg Bahrick et al Found out that many of his participants were able to recognise the names and faces of their school classmates so years after graduating.lim codes semantically.Although this material is stored in LTM when we want to recall it it has to be transferred back into STM by a process called retrieval.According to MSM this is true of all our memories.None of them are recalled directly from LTM.

STM

STM is known as a limited capacity store,because it can only contain a certain number of things before forgetting takes place.info is coded acoustically and lasts about 30 sec unless it is rehearsed.

Maintainable rehearsal-occurs when we repeat a material to ourselves over and over again .We. A keep this material in our stm as long as we rehearse it .if we rehearse it for long enough it is transferred to our LTM memory

Craik and Watkins (evaluation)

According to the msm what matters in rehearsal is the amount of it you do . So the more you rehearse some info the more likely you are to transfer it into your LTM .However craik and Watkins found that this prediction is wrong.What really matters about rehearsal is the type.

2 types of rehearsal discovered by Craik and Watkins

Elaborating-is needed for long term storage.This occurs when you link the info to your existing knowledge ,or you think about what it means.

Maintenance-described in the msm, but this does not transfer info LTM just maintains it in stm.

This. Is a serious limitation of the msm because it is another research finding that cannot be explained by the model.

Supporting research evidence

A major strength of the MSM is that it is supported by research studies that show that STM and LTM are indeed qualitatively

Different eg Baddeley found out that we tend to mix up words that sound similar when we are using our stm memory but we mix up similar meaning words when we use our LTMs.The strength of this study is that it clearly shows that coding in STM is acoustic and in LTM it is semantic. So they are different,and this supports the MSMs view that these two memory stores are separate and independent.Further support is given by all the studies of coding, capacity and duration we encountered in the previous spread.

There is more than one type of stm

However there is research evidence to suggest that STM store is not unitary but has components.

Shallice and Warrington reported on the case of KF. As a result of a motorbike accident he had extremely poor stm, yet his LTM for events was normal .This supports the msm because it suggests STM and LTM are separate stores predicted by the MSM.

However k.fs deficit in STM was only for verbal info.His STM for visual material was normal. This does not support the multi store model because research shows that at the very least there must be one short term store to process visual info and another one to process auditory info.

There is more than one type of stm

P: ONE limitation of the MSM is that The MSM states that STM is a unitary store

E:.However,evidence from people suffering with amnesia shows that this cannot be true.eg Shallice and Warrington studied a patient KF.They found out that KFS short term memory for digits was very poor when they read it out to him.But his recall was much better when he was able to read the digits to himself.Further studies of KF and other people with amnesia showed that there could be one stm to process

L: this is a limitation because there is because there is inadequate findings from the msm .