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Deism
A belief that God, though the product of rationalism, is distant
Englightenment
A period in which reason replaced revelation, and affected many areas
Kerygma
Proclamation, the core teachings about Jesus
Miracle
A surprising and welcome event that is not explicable by nature and thus is supernatural
Alternative theories of Resurrection
Jesus did not die, Apostle's conspiracy, swoon theory, hallucinations, myth
Jesus did not die
Jesus actually survived the crucifixion or was never crucified
Apostle's conspiracy
The Apostles pretended that Jesus resurrected
Swoon theory
Jesus fainted on the cross and woke up in the tomb
Hallucinations
The apostles hallucinated Jesus' resurrection
Myth
Jesus resurrection was merely a religious myth
Denis Diderot
French philosopher who wrote the Encyclopedia
David Hume
Wrote Essay on Miracles which claimed that people needed contemporary examples of miracles to believe the Bible
John Locke
Tried to defend Christianity through reason in his Reasonableness of Christianity
Voltaire
Wrote Candide in which the discusses the problem of Evil
Rosseau
Wrote the Social Contract which claimed that people were naturally good but corrupted by society
David Strauss
Believed that the Resurrection was a myth
Rudolf Bultmann
Believed that the Resurrection was not historical but may be preached
Karl Barth
Believed that the Resurrection was historical but should not be investigated
Wolfhart Pannenberg
Believed that the Resurrection was historical and could be investigated
NT Wright
Defended the orthodox Christian understanding of bodily Resurrection