Humanism AO3

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Applications (+)

  • Concepts such as self-actualisation have been widely accepted and the hierarchy of needs itself has been influential in, for example, sport and business psychology who make full use of this notion

  • The hierarchy is used often in education with teachers trained on the importance of being able to identify which needs of students are being met or not being met in order to ensure their academic achievement.

  • e.g. if a student’s basic needs are not being met, they will have difficulty engaging in higher order tasks

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Cultural bias (-)

  • Maslow’s hierarchy of needs has been criticised for being culturally specific as it relates well to individualistic cultures, but not collectivist cultures

  • Research by Nevis (1983) found that in China, belongingness needs were seen as more fundamental than physiological needs (which is different to the order proposed in Maslow’s hierarchy of needs)

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Research support (+)

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Methodological issues (-)