rom skulls, meiosis, digestive dd, karyo

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Description and Tags

Biology

11th

30 Terms

1

chin

extra muscle attachment, missing on skull

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2

sagittal crest

extra muscle attachment for plant deit

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3

sharp canine teeth

impress females

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4

vertical forehead VS sloping forehead (large skull)

  • vertical forehead = more room for brain

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5

large skull for brain

brain big = more intelligent than ancestors

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6

location of foreman magnum

  • near the centre = walking upright

  • back of skull = knuckle walkers

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7

Prophase 1

  • nuclear membrane dissolves

  • chromatin condenses into chromosomes

  • centrioles to poles

  • spindle fibres form

  • synapsis occurs

  • crossing over occurs - swap dna stuck together as pairs

  • Tetards form

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8

Metaphase 1

  • spindle fibres join poles to equator

  • tetards to equator

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9

Anaphase 1

  • spindle fibres pull tetards apart chromsomes to poles

    disjunction = separation of tetards

  • first division

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10

Telophase 1

  • nuclear membrane reforms

  • chromosomes stretch into chromatin

  • spindle fibres dissolves

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11

Cytokinesis

results in 2 cells forming

# of chromosome = # of centromeres

the 2 cells are haploid

centrioles double here

*DNA doesn’t duplicate

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12

monosomy

  • missing one homologous chromosome from a pair

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13

trisomy

  • having an extra homologous chromosome, for a total of three

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14

down syndrome (draw diagram)

trisomy - 21

  • mentally challenged

  • furrowed tongues

  • high amount of leukemia and heart conditions

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15

patau syndrome (draw diagram)

trisomy - 13

  • live approx, 6 months

  • deafness

  • severely mentally challenged

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16

turner syndrome (draw diagram)

monosomy - X

  • female w/ short stature, board shieldlike chest, undeveloped sexual characteristics (looks freakishly young)

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17

Klinefelter syndrome (draw diagram)

XXY

male with breast development, mentally challenged, infertile, underdeveloped sexual characteristics

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18

Edwards syndrome (draw diagram)

trisomy - 18

  • webbed neck

  • elongated skull

  • heart & lung problems

  • life approx; 4 months

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19

Cri-Du-Chat ((draw diagram)

Partial monosomy - 5

  • depends on how much #5 is missing

  • vocal chords cause “cat-like” cry in cants

  • mentally challenged

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20

non disjunction

gain or loss of a whole chromosome, usually occurs during meiosis

→ every cell in offspring will have an extra or be missing on chromosome (aneuploidy)

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21

Cirrhosis

  • Alcohol, virus, or genetic condition

  • Jaundice, weakness

  • *not contagious

  • transplant

  • liver w/ acne (ugly)

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22

Hepatitis

  • Liver disorder

  • Virus, infectious

  • Jaundice, weakness,

  • Vaccine

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23

Colitis

  • Autoimmune, bacteria

  • irritated, pain, diarrhea

  • *no cure, surgery

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24

Appendicitis

  • Inflammation

  • Pain

  • Antibiotics, surgery

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25

Diarrhea

  • Poor water absorb

  • water in feces

  • antibiotics, fluids

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26

Gall stones

  • bile salt form stones and block cystic duct

  • pain

  • removal

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27

Crohn’s disease

  • environmental, genetic factors

  • colon inflamed

  • pain, diarrhea

  • no cure, steroids

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28

Peptic Ulcer (stomach)

  • bacteria

  • hole in stomach

  • pain, vomit blood

  • antibiotics

  • antacids - makes stomach less acidic

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29

Mumps

  • virus in spit glands

  • (big face cheeks)

  • sore cheeks, muscle pain

  • MMR vaccine

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30

Heartburn

  • stomach acid backs up into esophagus, its near the heart so it feels it

  • burning

  • antacids

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