DPT 500 Muscle Charts

Upper Trap Proximal Attachment

Medial end of superior nuchal line, external occipital protuberance, ligamentum nuchae, and spinous process of C7

Upper Trap Distal Attachment

Lateral end of clavicle and acromion process

Upper, Middle, and Lower Trap Innervation

Spinal Accessory N.

Upper Trap Action

Rotates scapula upward

Elevates scapula

Middle Trap Proximal Attachment

Spinous processes of T1-5

Middle Trap Distal Attachment

Acromion process and spine of scapula

Middle Trap Action

Adducts Scapula

Lower Trap Proximal Attachment

spinous process T6-T12

Lower Trap Distal Attachment

spine of scapula

Lower Trap Action

Rotates scapula upward

Depresses scapula

Levator Scapulae Proximal Attachment

transverse processes of C1-C4

Levator Distal Attachment

Medial border of scapula from superior angle to root of the spine

Levator Innervation

Dorsal scapular n.

Ventral rami of spinal nn. [C3,C4]

Levator Action

Elevates scapula

Rotates scapula downward

Rhomboid Minor Proximal Attchment

Spinous processes of C7-T1

Rhomboid Minor Distal Attachment

Medial border of scapula at root of the spine

Rhomboid Major and Minor Innervation

Dorsal Scapular N.

Rhomboid Major and Minor Action

Adducts scapula

Elevates scapula

Rotates scapula downward

Rhomboid Major Proximal Attachment

spinous processes of T2-T5

Rhomboid Major Distal Attachment

Medial border of scapula from root of spine to inferior angle

Serratus Anterior Proximal Attachment

ribs 1-8

Serratus Anterior Distal Attachment

anterior surface of medial border of scapula

Serratus innervation

Long Thoracic N.

Serratus Actions

Abducts scapula

Rotates scapula upward

Holds medial border of scapula against posterior thoracic wall

Pectoralis Minor Proximal Attachment

ribs 3-5

Pectoralis Minor Distal Attachment

coracoid process of scapula

Pec Minor Innervation

Medial Pectoral N.

Pec Minor Actions

Tilts scapula anteriorly

Depresses shoulder girdle

Subclavius Proximal Attachment

Junction of 1st rib and its costal cartilage

Subclavius Distal Attachment

inferior surface of middle clavicle

Subclavius Innervation

Nerve to Subclavius

Subclavius Action

Depresses clavicle

Stabilizes sternoclavicular joint

Anterior Deltoid Proximal Attachment

lateral end of clavicle

Anterior, Middle, and Posterior Deltoid Distal Attachment

deltoid tuberosity

Deltoid (Anterior, Middle, and Posterior) Innervation

Axillary N.

Anterior Deltoid Action

Flexes shoulder

Medially rotates shoulder

Horizontally adducts shoulder

Middle Deltoid Proximal Attachment

lateral margin of acromion process

Middle Deltoid Action

Abducts shoulder

Posterior Deltoid Proximal Attachment

lower lip of spine of scapula

Posterior Deltoid Action

Extends shoulder

Laterally rotates shoulder

Horizontally abducts shoulder

Supraspinatus Proximal Attachment

Supraspinous fossa

Supraspinatus Distal Attachment

Superior facet of greater tubercle of humerus

Supraspinatus AND Infraspinatus Innervation

suprascapular nerve

Supraspinatus Action

Abducts shoulder

Stabilizes glenohumeral joint

Infraspinatus Proximal Attachment

infraspinous fossa

Infraspinatus Distal Attachment

Middle facet of greater tubercle of humerus

Infraspinatus Action

Laterally rotates shoulder

Stabilizes glenohumeral joint

Teres Minor Proximal Attachment

Middle of lateral border of scapula

Teres Minor Distal Attachment

Inferior facet of greater tubercle of humerus

Teres Minor Innervation

Axillary N.

Teres Minor Action

Laterally rotates shoulder

Stabilizes glenohumeral joint

Subscapularis Proximal Attachment

subscapular fossa

Subscapularis Distal Attachment

lesser tubercle of humerus

Subscapularis Innervation

Upper and Lower Subscapular N.

Subscapularis Action

Medially rotates shoulder

Stabilizes glenohumeral joint

Teres Major Proximal Attachment

Lower end of lateral border of scapula

Teres Major Distal Attachment

Medial lip of intertubercular groove of humerus

Teres Major Innervation

Lower Subscapular N.

Teres Major Action

Extends shoulder

Adducts shoulder

Medially rotates shoulder

Coracobrachialis Proximal Attachment

coracoid process of scapula

Coracobrachialis Distal Attachment

middle 1/3 of medial humerus

Coracobrachialis Innervation

Musculocutaneous N.

Coracobrachialis Action

Flexes shoulder

Adducts shoulder

Latissimus Dorsi Proximal Attachment

Spinous process of T6-12, thoracolumbar fascia, posterior iliac crest, and lower ribs

Latissimus Dorsi Distal Attachment

Floor of the intertubercular groove of the humerus

Latissimus Innervation

Thoracodorsal N.

Latissimus Action

Extends shoulder

Adducts shoulder

Medially rotates shoulder

Depresses shoulder girdle

Pectoralis Major Proximal Attachment

Clavicular head: medial end of the clavicle

Sternocostal head: anterior sternum and costal cartilages of the first 6 ribs

Pectoralis Major Distal Attachment

lateral lip of intertubercular groove of humerus

Pectoralis Major Innervation

Medial and lateral pectoral nn

Pectoralis Major Action

All fibers:

Medially rotate humerus

Adduct humerus

Clavicular head:

Flexes humerus

Horizontally adducts humerus

Sternocostal head:

Extends humerus

Biceps Brachii Proximal Attachment

Short head: Coracoid process

Long head: Supraglenoid tubercle of scapula

Biceps Brachii Distal Attachment

Radial tuberosity and bicipital aponeurosis

Biceps Brachii Innervation

Musculocutaneous N.

Biceps Brachii Action

Flexes elbow

Supinates forearm

Brachialis Proximal Attachment

Distal half of anterior humerus

Brachialis Distal Attachment

Ulnar tuberosity and coronoid process

Brachialis Innervation

Musculocutaneous N.

Brachialis Action

Flexes elbow

Triceps Brachii Proximal Attachment

Long head: Infraglenoid tubercle of scapula

Lateral head: Posterior humerus above radial groove

Medial head: Posterior humerus below radial groove

Triceps Brachii Distal Attachment

olecranon process of ulna

Triceps Brachii Innervation

Radial N.

Triceps Brachii Action

Extends elbow

Anconeus Proximal Attachment

Lateral Epicondyle of the Humerus

Anconeus Distal Attachment

Lateral side of olecranon process and proximal ulna

Anconeus Innervation

Radial N.

Anconeus Action

Extends elbow

Pronator Teres Proximal Attachment

Humeral Head: common flexor tendon of the medial epicondyle of the humerus

Ulnar Head: coronoid process of the ulna

Pronator Teres Distal Attachment

middle of the radius

Pronator Teres Innervation

Median Nerve

Pronator Teres Action

Pronates Forearm

Flexor Carpi Radialis Proximal Attachment

Common flexor tendon at medial epicondyle of humerus

Flexor Carpi Radialis Distal Attachment

base of 2nd and 3rd metacarpal

Flexor Carpi Radialis Innervation

Median Nerve

Flexor Carpi Radialis Action

Flexes Wrist

Abducts Wrist

Palmaris Longus Proximal Attachment

common flexor tendon at medial epicondyle of humerus

Palmaris Longus Distal Attachment

palmar aponeurosis

Palmaris Longus Innervation

Median Nerve

Palmaris Longus Action

anchors skin and fascia of palm

Flexor Digitorum Superficialis Proximal Attachment

Humeroulnar Head: common flexor tendon at medial epicondyle of humerus and coronoid process of ulna

Radial Head: proximal half of anterior radius