AAPC Fundamentals of Medicine - PI

Medical Terminology, Anatomy, Pathophysiology

ec-, ecto-

out, outside

ectopic pregnancy

occurs when a fertilizer egg implants outside the uterus, developing in the fallopian tube, cervix, wall of uterus, abdomen or ovary

end/o

in, within

endotracheal tube

tube placed through the mouth to the trachea to help a patient breathe

epi-

outer, above

epicardium

the outer layer of the heart

mes/o

middle

mesothelial cells

cells that line the body's serous cavities

ab-

away from

abduction

to move away from the midline of the body, such as a limb moving away from the midline of the body

ad-

toward, near

adduction

to move toward the midline of the body, such as a limb moving toward the body

per-

through

percutaneous

through the skin either by absorption or by needle puncture

trans-

through, across

infra-

below

inframammary

below the breast

ante-

before, forward

antegrade

moving in a forward direction, moving with the flow

pre-

before, in front of

preoperative

before surgery

post-

after, behind

postoperative

after surgery

Mon/o

one, single

mononuclear

one nucleus

bi-

two, twice

tri-

three

trimester

a period of three months

quadri-

four

quadrant

a quarter of an area

poly-

many, much excessive

polyuria

excessive urination

-itis

inflammation

-oma

tumor

-megaly

enlargement of

-pathy

disease of

-gram

a record of data

mammogram

the recorded breast image produced by a mammography

-graphy

act of recording

mammography

recording of the breast image

-meter

instrument for measuring

spirometer

measures breathing volume and lung capacities

-scope

instrument for viewing

bronchoscope

instrument used to examine a bronchus

-scopy

examination of

bronchoscopy

the examination of a bronchus

-centesis

puncture tap

thoracentesis

removal of fluid from the pleural cavity via surgical puncture

-desis

binding, fusion

pleurodesis

a procedure that binds your lung to your chest wall to remove the space between your lung and chest wall

-ectomy

excision, surgical removal

colectomy

excision of part of the colon

-pexy

surgical fixation

colpopexy

the use of stitches to return the vagina and/or uterus to its normal position against the abdominal wall

-plasty

plastic repair, plastic surgery, reconstruction

myringoplasty

repair of the tympanic membrane

tympanic membrane

thin layer of tissue in the ear that receives sound vibrations from the outer air and transmits them to the auditory ossicles

auditory ossicles

tiny bones in the tympanic (middle ear)

-rhaphy

surgical repair, suture

colporrhaphy

a procedure to repair the vagina

-stomy

surgical creation of an opening

tracheostomy

surgical creation of an opening in the trachea

-tome

instrument for incising, cutting

sternotomy

surgical incision of the sternum

-tripsy

crushing

lithotripsy

crushing of calculi (stones)

plural of a

ae ex: vertebra to vertebrae

plural of en

ina ex: lumen to lumina

plurall of ex, ix, yx

ices ex: index to indices

plural of is

es ex: prognosis to prognoses

plural of ma

mata ex: stigma to stigmata

plural of nx (anx, inx, ynx)

nges ex: phalanx to phalanges

plural of on

a ex: phenomenon to phenomena

plural of um

a ex: serum to sera

plural of us

i ex: thrombus to thrombi

myring/o

tympanic membrane

gastr/o

stomach

orchi/o

testis

cutane./o

skin

splen/o

spleen

myringotomy

an incision into the tympanic membrane

subcutaneous

beneath the skin

epigastric

above the stomach

splenectomy

surgical removal of the spleen

orchiopexy

surgical fixation of the testis

organ system

a collection of body parts depending on one another to achieve a common objective

anterior/ventral

toward the front of the body

posterior/dorsal

toward the back of the body

medial

toward the midline

lateral

toward the side of the body

proximal

nearer to the point of attachment or to a given reference point

distal

farther from the point of attachment or to a given reference point

superior/cranial

above, toward the head

inferior/caudal

below, toward the lower end of the spine

superficial/external

closer to the surface of the body

deep/internal

closer to the center of the body

supine

laying face up

prone

laying face down

sagittal

cuts through the body from front to back and divides body into right and left sections - Radiology

midsagittal

cuts through the midline of the body from front to back and divides body into right and left - Radiology