LING 260 Winter 2025 Final Exam Study Guide

Flashcards for key terms and concepts from the LING 260 lecture notes.

Truth-conditions

Conditions under which a statement is true or false; contrasts with truth values.

T set

The set of situations or circumstances in which a statement is true.

F set

The set of situations or circumstances in which a statement is false.

Pathological meaning

Meaning that involves contradictions or tautologies and their representation through sets.

Venn diagram

A diagram that represents semantic relationships visually through overlapping circles.

Logically independent sentences

Sentences where the truth of one does not affect the truth of the other.

Contradictory sentences

Sentences that cannot both be true at the same time.

Contraries

Pairs of statements where both cannot be true, but both can be false.

Subcontraries

Pairs of statements where both can be true, but cannot both be false.

Entailment

A relationship where the truth of one sentence guarantees the truth of another.

Mutual entailment

When two sentences entail each other, indicating they are logically equivalent.

Intersective adjectives

Adjectives that can combine meanings straightforwardly with nouns they modify.

Box diagram

A structured visual representation of noun phrases including adjectives and prepositional phrases.

Conservativity

A property of determiners where they apply to sets in a way that maintains a subset relationship.