Unit 9 (9.1-9

What is globalization?

The phenomenon by which trade and technology have created a politically, economically, and socially interconnected world.

How did communication technologies impact geographical distances?

They solved the problem of geographical distance by improving connection and access between places.

What was the effect of automobiles on urban landscapes?

They fundamentally changed urban landscapes by creating suburbs, allowing middle-class individuals to live outside cities comfortably.

What role do shipping containers play in global trade?

They streamline the handling and transportation of goods, reducing costs and increasing efficiency.

What are diseases associated with poverty mentioned in the lecture?

Malaria and Tuberculosis.

What is malaria and where is it most prevalent?

A disease spread by infected mosquitoes, typically occurring in warmer, tropical regions, particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa.

What was the impact of the 1918 Influenza Pandemic?

It spread rapidly, claimed near 50 million lives, and significantly impacted demographics worldwide.

What challenges does HIV/AIDS present globally?

It severely depresses the immune system, is linked to social stigma, and remains a deadly disease in impoverished communities.

How does deforestation affect urbanization?

It leads to urban sprawl and creates ecological issues such as pollution and erosion.

What is climate change caused by according to the lecture?

The warming of the planet due to the release of greenhouse gases.

Who started the economic liberalization of the U.S. economy?

Ronald Reagan.

What did the Chicago Boys promote in Chile?

They led Chile towards a free market economy through privatization and addressing rampant inflation.

Which countries became knowledge economies due to investments in education?

Finland and Japan.

What is the World Trade Organization (WTO) responsible for?

Regulating trade on a global scale, promoting trade, and assisting developing countries.

What is a multinational corporation?

An entity incorporated in one country but manufactures and sells goods in other countries.

How is Nestle associated with global trade practices?

It purchases and manufactures chocolate using low-wage labor in West Africa and sells it on the world market.

What is the economic role of the European Union?

It is a political and economic block that facilitates trade among member nations by removing barriers.

What was the effect of neoliberalism on labor unions?

It undermined their power and increased the wealth gap between the rich and poor.