Social Work

exam 2

Poverty

people without access to basic materials like money and what can be bought. For example, food, clothing, housing, health needs, and transportation.

Absolute poverty

defines poverty in numbers, the amount of money.

Relative poverty

compares a person’s wages to the wages of an average person

Poverty guidelines

used to determine whether someone is considered as living in poverty for certain federal programs

Wealth

the accumulation of valuable resources and money.

Income

Wages for employment or work

Quintiles

organizes the data of wealth into fifths

Inequality

an uneven distribution of wealth

Feminization of poverty

the fact that women are more likely to experience poverty than men

Social insurance

Social security and worker compensation

Public assistance

means-tested programs, assesses whether individuals can do things without help from the government.

Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF)

the largest public assistance program for welfare reform.

Block grants

a huge amount of money meant to be used for social services without specific directions for how to spend it

Supplement Security Income (SSI)

provides financial assistance to people whose income falls below the poverty line.

Healthy Meals for Healthy Americans

A program that provides food, nutrient counseling, and healthcare for women funded by the federal government

Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP)

helps low-income people gain access to food.

Earned-Income Tax Credit (EITC)

assists families who experience poverty even if they have working family members.

Public housing

Housing financed by the federal government.

Life knowledge

Information and experience gained from living with individuals who are at an economic disadvantage.

Social constructs

A bias or preconceived notion that social workers have about poverty and inequality.

Personal responsibility

a role people have in caring for themselves and fulfilling their needs.

Individualism

A trait common amongst Americans, a belief that hard work is rewarded with success and failure attributes to laziness.

Social responsibility

The belief that society should assist the disadvantaged.

Family

A group of people who form relationships and decide to live with each other as a family.

Kinship

Bonds that connect people, for example, common ancestry or marriage.

Nuclear family

When at least one parent lives with their children without other relatives

Extended family

When other relatives live in the same household.

Transnational migration

a situation that splits family members into different countries.

Irreconcilable differences

When a couple has issues that cannot be solved and neither spouse is blamed for the separation

Blended family

A family with an adult couple and a mix of children from previous relationships and children from new relationships.

Marriage equality

Same-sex couples having equal rights, opportunities, and acceptance.

Domestic violence

Acts of aggression and violence towards family members.

Child maltreatment

The abuse of children physically, psychologically, and sexually.

Child welfare

Policies, services, and actions to promote child safety.

Child Protective Services (CPS)

programs that allow social workers to respond and be available for reports of child maltreatment.

Child physical abuse

using physical force that causes serious harm or could cause serious harm to a child.

Child sexual abuse

attempting or successfully engaging in sexual acts with a child or exploiting them for nefarious purposes.

Child neglect

failing to meet a child’s basic needs

Child physiological maltreatment

intentionally convincing a child that they are worthless and unloved

Public child welfare agencies

Works to help a large number of children, offering a variety of programs

Private child welfare agencies

Focuses of specific problems and subpopulations, usually has fewer clients.

Battered child syndrome

a clinical condition that can be caused by persistent physical or psychological injuries inflicted on the child by the caregiver.

Shaken baby syndrome

When infants and toddlers sustain brain injuries from being physically shaken.

Child welfare agencies

Groups that work to promote the safety and well-being of children

Family-based services

Counseling, therapy, skill building and other services for parents, children, and family.

Family foster care

Where children are cared for by a certified foster care family.

Adoption

The permanent changing of parental rights of a child’s birth parents to adoptive parents.

Residential care

To provide for the basic needs of children who have lost their parents to death, disability, or abandonment.

Intensive treatment

Multiple intervention services that use many resources during a condensed time.

Traditional families When children are raised by 2 married heterosexual parents.

School social workers

Social workers who address student needs and promote quality educational experiences.

Bullying

A form of aggression against others.

Gender expression

A child’s outward appearance for example, clothing, hair, and makeup.

Gender identity

Someone’s internal sense of identity as a gendered person

Childhood mental disorder (CMD)

Mental disorders that begin and can be diagnosed in childhood.

Children’s advocacy centers

Collaborative spaces for advocacy

Guardian ad litem

programs that recruit individuals to speak and advocate on the behalf of children in court systems.

Fiscal responsibility

Reduces government intervention for people.

Qualitative research

Highlights data that is descriptive and not quantified into numbers.

Quantitative research

Collecting data about social behaviors, programs, and social units from a larger group of people.

Interprofessional practice

Things that actively connect professional practices with healthcare professionals.

Health

The well-being of our physical, mental, and social state.

Illness

A disease that affects the quality of the body and mind.

Chronic Illness

Living with a chronic disease.

Chronic disease

A sickness that is long-lasting and difficult to get rid of.

Heart disease

Conditions that have some effect on the heart.

Health disparities

differences between certain groups’ disease rates, access to healthcare, and overall health.

Managed care

a type of healthcare system that manages the costs of healthcare.

Healthmaintenance.org (HMO)

A system that deals with financing and the delivery of healthcare.

Preferredprovider.org (PPO)

Requires that patient to cover a deductible, or present a sum, before services are given.

Medicare

A federal insurance program.

Affordable Care Act (ACA)

Includes ways to expand the coverage of healthcare, improve outcomes, and control prices.

Continuous quality improvement

Makes sure that medical programs are knowledgeable in healthcare practice, and that they choose the best result for patients.

Integrative medicine

Healing medicine that takes the whole person into account, also including all aspects of life.

Slow medicine

Avoidance of harmful care, and a thoughtful way of choosing which medical procedures to follow.

Inflammation

The body trying to protect itself from things that can be harmful in order to start the healing process.

Acute inflammation

Short-term aftermath of an injury.

Pain

When inflammation hurts and causes people to feel uncomfortable.

Chronic inflammation

Last several months to a year and happens as a result of an autoimmune response or a chronic irritant.

Resilience

The connection between risks and protections in someone’s background that can interrupt a damaging process.

Biopsychological-spiritual

Support that is useful to cope with acute, chronic, or terminal illness.

Emergency rooms (ERs)

require specific training, prepared to deal with traumatic injuries or illnesses.

Electronic medical records (EMRs)

Helps physicians keep track of lab results and notes.

Urgent care centers

Easy access walk-in options for people to receive help with non-life threatening situations.

Telehealth

Outpatient clinics where veterans receive primary care.

Long-term care

when people require healthcare support for a long period of time or the rest of their life.

Palliative care

Focuses on relieving and preventing the suffering of patients whether or not they have a long life expectancy.

Rehabilitation

Restoring a person back to their normal healthy condition after being injured or diseased.

Clinic

Where doctors share offices, administer medical equipment for healthcare needs.

Health Insurance Portability and Accountability (HIPPA)

Makes sure that people who have been treated for a condition cannot be stopped from receiving health insurance.

Medicare Part D

insurance for medication, through private insurance companies.

Disability

Reduced permanent or temporary functioning.

Categorical disabilities

A great sensory impairment or mental illness and development challenges.

Functional disabilities

Prevents one from being able to do physical activities, and can be relieved with assistive technology.

Least Restrictive Environment (LRE)

The idea that children who are given special education should be around others who don’t receive it.

Developmental challenge

A chronic condition that develops before the age of 22 and continues from there.

Autism

A neurological development disorder that impacts the development of the brain in social settings and communication skills.

Cerebral Palsy

A chronic condition that affects balance and coordination, limb movement, and muscle tone.

Down syndrome

A disorder that is caused by one extra 21st chromosome.