Romans and Galatians Test 2

just new info since test 1

old self vs new self (5:1-4 summarized)

• unrighteous d/t sin → counted righteous by faith

• under wrath → at peace w/ God

• condemned → standing in grace

• w/o hope → hope of sharing God’s glory

• pleasure-seeking in order to cope → suffering as a Christian

• love of self is highest → God’s love poured into us by HS

suffering produces…

perseverance/endurance, then character, then hope

Qal Wahomer argument

if it’s true in a lesser case, it’s true in a greater case (“how much more”)

key phrase in ch 5

how much more

being in Adam vs being in Jesus

• one man’s sin affects many → one man’s obedience affects many

• sin brough condemnation → grace brought justification

• death dominates → life dominates

vocation def. NT Wright

our calling toward the purpose God has for us

living under the moral code is part of our calling, not just something we do to check a box

similarities b/w the israelites and us

• God led them when they escaped slavery, and HS will lead us as we escape slavery of sin

• HS is with us in the wilderness (the present age)

What was the difference b/w before Moses and after Moses with regards to death/sin?

• before - death reigned bc of sin, even to those who didn’t commit the same sin as Adam - basic knowledge of good and evil

• after - more detailed knowledge → more accountability

interpret “the law came to increase the trespass, but where sin increased, grace abounded all the more”

when the law came, it increased accountability. when accountability increased, sin increased, but grace increased all the more

paul’s message of grace could be misunderstood as…

licentiousness

licentiousness def

the belief that you have permission to do anything you want to do

antinomianism

opposition to rules and law

how do we reenact the death, burial, and resurrection in baptism?

• death - repentance and renunciation of the old life

• burial - immersed in baptism, “all in” w/ Christ

• resurrection - raised to new life

2 themes of ch 5

• reasons for Christian confidence

• analogy b/w Adam and Jesus

connection b/w baptism and justification/forgiveness

• Jesus has the authority to forgive sins

• Jesus commands baptism

• his disciples command baptism for forgiveness of sins

2 themes of ch 6

• abundant grace should not lead to abundant sin

• who is your master?

What is our vocation in relation to the earth (Wright)?

stewardship, to take care of the earth like priests took care of the temple

According to Wright, how did the corruption of humans through sin result in God’s good creation being left in futility?

Because Adam's sin resulted in the earth producing thorns and thistles, thwarting God's original intent of creation.

how are we free in relation to sin?

we were set free FROM sin, not set free TO sin

redeemed by Christ means…

purchased by him

2 themes of Romans 7

• an analogy from marriage

• the struggle b/w spirit and flesh

how does the marriage covenant symbolize the relationship b/w christians, the law, and Chrsit?

• jewish christians were under the old covenant

• they were released when they died with Christ

• they were raised with him into a new covenant

how did the gospel spread?

• christ event(s)

• many witnesses

• testifying (oral and written)

is the law bad?

no, the problem isn’t the law, it’s sin

in ch 7, what is the inner being/mind?

the part that wants to do what’s right

in ch 7, what is the flesh?

the part that wants to do what’s wrong

in ch 7, what is sin?

an infecting evil force

what causes the struggle described in ch 7?

• the complexity of humans

• sin working in us

• the knowledge of God

steps to “sin anonymous”

1. admit you are powerless over sin

2. come to believe that a power greater than ourselves could restore us to sanity

3. make a decision to turn our will and lives over to God as we understand him

describe the wretched person in Rom 7

sees the good they should do, but are miserable bc they don’t measure up - focuses on guilt

describe the thankful person in rom 7

acknowledges their record but comes to confident faith in God that leads to freedom

what is the vocation of the church (Wright)?

to stand in prayer where the world is in pain so that God’s own spirit might be present and intercede there

how is the world in labor pains?

it is painful now, but will be followed by great joy

2 categories of the I in Rom 7

1. autobiographical I

2. rhetorical I

2 sections of autobiographical I

1. Paul as a Christian

2. Paul under the law before he became a Christian

2 sections of the rhetorical I

1. Israel under the Torah

2. anyone who strives for righteousness by law-keeping alone

which theory of the I does Wright believe?

Israel under the Torah

which theory of the I does Robertson believe?

righteousness by law-keeping alone

6 sections of Rom 8

• no condemnation

• life in the spirit

• new status: children of God and heirs with Christ

• present suffering, future glory

• the HS helps us in the meanwhile

• more than conquerors

condemnation def

guilty verdict, punishment, penalty

how are we “in” christ?

• redeemed in him

• believe in him

• baptized into him

flesh def

not just the physical body, but the part that is corrupted by sin and loves to indulge in sin

how is the no condemnation section describing penal substitution?

the law cannot make us righteous, and the penalty is condemnation. Jesus suffered condemnation as a substitute for us “in the likeness of sinful flesh”

works of the flesh def

indulgence in our sinful appetites (I’m in control)

fruit of the spirit

the good things that God produces in us (God’s in control)

My spiritual walk outline

1. we become aware of our sinfulness and feel like we’re never enough

2. enter into Christ - faith, baptism, confession

3. walking in the light w Christ, led by the Spirit

2 errors during our spiritual walk

• cheap grace - I am saved so it doesn’t matter what I do

• self-righteousness - it is up to me to earn God’s grace

mind set on the flesh - basis of salvation, obligation, power source

• basis of salvation - my own goodness

• obligation - be righteous by fulfilling the law

• power source - human flesh, which is weak against sin

mind set on the spirit - basis of salvation, obligation, power source

• basis of salvation - God’s goodness

• obligation - faith working thru love

• power sources - grace of God, blood of Jesus, HS

what does the Spirit do in 8:12-17

• helps us overcome the flesh here and now

• helps us mature from an enslaving fear of God to a sense of adoption (from a legalistic view to a relational view) (characterized by love and hope, not fear)

abba def

aramaic term of endearment, “my father; papa”

what does following Jesus mean (Ortberg)?

learning from him how to arrange my life around activities that enable me to live in the fruit of the spirit

spiritual disciplines def

activities that open my heart to God’s transforming work

sin infecting the world causes

• broken relationships

• death prevailing

Romans 6:1-4 ESV

What shall we say then? Are we to continue in sin that grace may abound? ² By no means! How can we who died to sin still live in it? ³ Do you not know that all of us who have been baptized into Christ Jesus were baptized into his death? ⁴ We were buried therefore with him by baptism into death, in order that, just as Christ was raised from the dead by the glory of the Father, we too might walk in newness of life.

ch 8:1-2 ESV

There is therefore now no condemnation for those who are in Christ Jesus.^{[a] 2} For the law of the Spirit of life has set you^[b] free in Christ Jesus from the law of sin and death.

firstfruits def

early ripe fruits before the main harvest

now/not yet kingdom def

we experience some now, but it has not fully arrived - we hope for it

correct translation of 8:28

God works all things together for good

foreknow

to know beforehand

predestine

to decide upon beforehand