RD exam prep

which of the following is an example of a violation of “beneficence” according to the code of ethics?

sending an all- staff memo to accuse an employee of theft

“DMAIC” is associated with which of the following quality improvement programs?

six sigma

which nutrient additive might be added to food as a natural antioxidant?

alpha- tocopherol

what is secreted in the bloodstream in amounts equal to insulin secretion and thus can be used as a clinical indicator of endogenous insulin production?

c- peptide

what organization creates national standards for foodservice equipment?

NSF

which of the following is included in the American academy of pediatrics recommendations for fruit juice?

fruit juice should not be introduced to the diet before 12 months of age

on a printed menu, items that management wishes to sell more of should be placed so that they are the first and/ or last thing a customer sees. This positioning strategy is the science of

menu psychology

why is it critical to use a valid and reliable malnutrition screening tool?

to limit unnecessary nutrition referrals

which conceptual model suggests that an individual’s perception of why a medical condition developed and how it should be treated is influenced by cultural beliefs?

explanatory model of illness

what type of study is this? a focus group that evaluates food habits among adults with a BMI >30 who eat at buffet- style restaurants at least once a month.

qualitative

which of the following conditions may be affected by the chromium and nickel content of stainless steel cookware?

dermatitis

what is the most important reason to obtain client consent for posting photographs on social media?

to ensure HIPPA compliance

which of the following conditions may cause glomerular kidney disease?

diabetes

preparing the following recipe for conversion using the percentage method, what is the percentage of flour?

• 1 kg plain flour

• 4.7 g salt

• 3.5 g baking powder

• 900 g unsalted butter

• 400 g granulated sugar

43.32%

when is unintended weight loss a potentially inappropriate nutrition diagnosis?

when body weight changes are caused by fluid

which of the following is an advantage of a case control study?

they are inexpensive to conduct

which of the following is an example of a food that has been preserved by lowering water activity by adding a solute?

grape jelly

labor costs for a roast beef dinner were $764, operating costs were $129, profit was $210, and the cost for food for the event was $895. of the total production costs, what percentage was spent on food?

50%

heat applied to a food will denature which of the food’s components?

proteins

older adults are at higher risk of toxicity of which of the following vitamins?

vitamin a

a foodservice operation’s net profit is $41,137, cost of goods sold is $145, 350, average inventory value is $7, 330, and total meals served per day is 200. what is the inventory turnover rate?

19.83

which of the following represents a legal basis for dismissal, depending on company policy?

using instagram and twitter while at the workplace

a hospital foodservice uses the FIFO inventory method. on may 1, the hospital purchased 3 cans of pears at $6.66 each. on may 15, they purchased 6 cans of pears at $6.72 each. on may 31, they purchased 9 cans of pears at $6.78 each. when inventory was checked on June 1, it was determined that 12 cans of pears had been used. what is the cost of goods sold for the 12 cans of pears?

$80.64

The emergency food assistance program and the disaster feeding program are examples of food distribution programs. which of the following statements best describes the similarities of the two programs?

both programs serve children, adolescents, and other age groups and provide commodity forms to local food distribution and service agencies

one advantage of using a crossover design over a parallel design is

there is a reduction in variability

which of the following growth charts is currently recommended by the centers for disease control and prevention to assess weight in relation to stature in children and adolescents aged 2 to 20 years?

BMI for age

which of the following is a nutrition- focused physical finding that could be an indicator for iron deficiency?

koilonychia

which of the following is a disadvantage to using concrete for foodservice flooring?

it can become slippery

during a nutrition consult, a patient says: “I understand I can improve my diet by packing my own lunch, but I don’t want to miss the social time with my coworkers.” In the setting of motivational interviewing, what is this an example of?

sustain talk

which of the following is a characteristics symptom of food protein- induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES)?

vomiting

which of the following is an example of focus strategy?

hospital begins marketing home meal replacements and delivery for its hospital staff

the most influential perception factor in a person’s presence for a particular food is

gustatory

for a food to be labeled “light” or “lite,” how many calories can it contain?

one- third fewer calories than the regular food

the distinction between a franchise quick service restaurant (QSR) located in a shopping mall and the same franchise QSR located in a medical facility is that

the QSR in the hospital serves a secondary purpose while the QSR in the shopping mall serves as the primary purpose

which type of rice is whole- grain with only the outer hull removed?

brown

full- time employees generally work 236 days per year. what is the full- time equivalent required to fill a position for an entire calendar year including weekends and holidays?

1.55

which would be added to a cola beverage as a natural colorant?

caramel

what type of power is used when placing an employee on a performance improvement plan?

punitive

what method of collecting information on access to health services within the community includes small, informal discussions with community members using open- ended questions?

focus groups

which decision- making process would be most appropriate for determining whether medication, consultations with a RDN, or some combination of the two is the best approach for lowering serum triglyceride levels?

cost- effective analysis

which type of federal grant is used to fund state programs for housing, health, and nutrition- related social service programs?

block grant

which of these acronyms is related to required compliance with safety standards?

OSHA

what deficiency can be masked by consumption of high levels of high levels of folate supplements?

vitamin B12

yogurt manufacturers produce many different varieties because they believe customers prefer different types of yogurts. by doing so, which of the following marketing concepts are these manufacturers applying?

product

the hydrolysis of sucrose with an acid to form a mixture that has equal amounts of fructose and glucose is known as

inversion

which of the following flooring materials would be best suited for high- traffic cooking areas?

quarry tiles

beneficence

represents the concept of professionalism. code of ethics requires that individuals “demonstrate respect, constructive dialogue, civility and professionalism in all communications, including social media. any suspicions of theft in the workplace should be addressed confidentially

autonomy

state licensure and respecting intellectual property rights

non- maleficence

practicing within professional limits

which term best describes overall space planning that includes defining the size, shape, style, and decoration?

design what

what is the mission of WIC?

to provide nutritious foods, nutrition education, and health referrals to low- income women and children up to age 5

implicit bias example

making assumptions about the etiology of a patient’s obesity without further evaluation

confirmation bias

seeking to validate ideas or concepts that an individual wants to be true

all of the vitamin E forms are absorbed in the

small intestine

flow

movement of product or people through an operation

system

collection of interrelated parts or subsystems unified by design to obtain one or more objectives

interdependency

reciprocal relationship of the parts of a system; each part mutually affects the performance of the others. emphasizes the importance of viewing the organization as a whole rather than as isolated parts.

which of the following is true with regard to recommendations for introducing first foods to a healthy infant?

first foods should be comprised of one single ingredient

which of the following body mass index (BMI) for age percentiles is considered class I obesity in children?

BMI at or above the 95th percentile to less than 120% of the 95th percentile

BMI for age percentile considered overweight in children

85th to less than 95th percentile

BMI for age percentile considered class 2 obesity in children

BMI at or above 120% to less than 140% of the 95th percentile, or BMI at or above 35 kg/m²

BMI for age percentile considered class 3 obesity in children

BMI at or above 140% of the 95th percentile, or BMI at or above 40 kg/ m²

The CDC investigates

food borne illnesses

The FDA issues the

Model Food Code

OSHA investigates

workplace accidents

the American academy of pediatrics recommendations for juice include the following:

• fruit juice offers no nutritional benefits for infants younger than 1 year

• fruit juice offers non nutritional benefits over whole fruit for infants and children and has no essential role in healthy, balanced diets of children

• 100% fresh or reconstituted fruit juice can be a healthy part of the diet of children older than 1 year when consumed as part of a well- balanced diet. fruit drinks, however, are not nutritionally equivalent to fruit juice

• juice is not appropriate in the treatment of dehydration or the management of diarrhea

menu psychology

examination of how to design a menu to influence what customers pick to eat

explanatory model of illness

suggests that individuals’ beliefs about why a condition started, how long it will last, and what treatments are appropriate is affected by cultural beliefs

health belief model

focuses on individuals’ perceptions of the threat posed by a health problem, the benefits of avoiding a threat, and factors influencing the decision to act

stages of change model

focuses on individuals’ motivation and readiness to change a problem behavior

common sense model

focuses on individuals’ ability to control and regulate impulses, regardless of emotion

focus group

form of qualitative research that is used to ask people about their habits, behavior, practices, beliefs, etc.

policy indicates

what should be done

a procedure indicates

how it should be done

process of identifying a patient’s nutrition problem when symptoms point to more than one possible answer?

differential diagnosis

managing discord

works to deescalate the situation and avoid negative reactions

the implementation of more liberal food choices in the menu planning process for long- term care (LTC) settings has been associated with which of the following?

increased nutrient and fluid intake among LTC residents

abc method

classifies inventory products according to value

mini- max and par rate are methods to help determine

how much to order

perpetual inventory

up-to-date, ongoing count of food and supplies in storage

atherosclerosis, hypertension, microangiopathy cause what type of kidney disease?

vascular

causes or contributing risk factors to unintended weight loss may include the following:

physiological causes increasing nutrient needs, decreased ability to consume sufficient energy, lack or limited access to food, cultural practices that affect ability to access food, prolonged hospitalization, psychological causes such as depression and disordered eating, lack of self- feeding ability

what is the purpose of an air gap?

to prevent contaminated water from entering the potable water system

infants only need breastmilk or iron- fortified formula for the

first six months of life

which of the following is a true statement regarding organic foods?

raw or processed agricultural products in the organic category may contain up to 5% non- organic ingredients allowed per the National List

denaturation of proteins

occurs when foods are subjected to heat, agitation, or ultraviolet light. relaxing of a protein’s tertiary structure to the secondary structure

heat can degrade

vitamins, fats, and carbohydrates

gelatin

translucent, colorless, brittle (when dry), and flavorless solid substance, derived from collagen from various animal byproducts. commonly used as a gelling agent in food.

plasma levels and liver stores of vitamin a

increase with age, along with decreased clearance from the blood, making older adults more susceptible to toxicity

when the diet is adequate in protein, the body can synthesize niacin from which amino acid?

tryptophan

cross- connection

physical link between safe water and dirty water, which can come from drains, sewers, or other wastewater sources

which of the following situations show that a manger is following the Kaizen process improvement method?

the manager engages employees at all levels to identify opportunities

kaizen

building a culture where all employees are actively engaged in suggesting and implementing improvements

what type of herbs may be recommended for a client with an upset stomach?

peppermint and chamomile

saw palmetto may exacerbate

gastrointestinal distress

echinacea has been suggested as a

means to boost immunity

which of the following represents a legal basis for dismissal, depending on company policy?

using instagram and twitter while at the workplace

posting comments on company review sites and airing grievances to other workers

are forms of protected speech as long as the complaints are related to employment terms and conditions and employers do not have the legal right to terminate an employee for these behaviors

experimental study design

participants are randomly assigned to treatment groups, which does not occur in case- control or qualitative studies

descriptive studies

focus on studying and describing the distribution of one or more variables, without regard to hypotheses such as causality