Week 1 - Intro to Psychology

Core Psychological Theory

Psychology

The scientific study of the mind and behavior of human beings.

Structuralism

Study of the conscious experience by identifying it’s components and how they interact

Founder’s of Structuralism

Wundt, W (1873) and Edward B, Titchener

Components of the conscious experience? (Structuralism)

Sensations, Images, Affections/Emotions

Methodology of Structuralism

Introspection and Experiments

Functionalism

Study on how mental processes help people adapt

Founders of Functionalism

William James, John Dewey and Charles Sanders Pierce

Methodology of Functionalism

Introspection, Objective Measures, Studying the mind as a whole

Psycho-analysis

Study of the unconscious mind, early childhood analysis and inner conflicts on behavior

Founder of Psycho-analysis

Sigmund Freud

Methodology of Psycho-analysis

Dream analysis, Freudian Slips, Free association, Patient-therapist relationships

Experiments of Psycho-analysis

Association Technique and Clinical Observation

Gestalt

Understanding how people naturally organize sensory info as a whole

Founders of Gestalt

Max Wertheimer, Wolfgang Köhler, and Kurt Koffka.

Methodology of Gestalt

Visual Perception (Illusion) and Qualitative Observation

Behaviorism

Study on how external stimuli and environment affect behaviors

Founder of Behaviorism

John B. Watson

Founder of Radical Behaviorism

B.F. Skinner

Core concept of Behaviorism

Classical Conditioning (Pavlov Dog) and Operant Conditioning (Skinner)

Methodology of Behaviorism

Experiments

Humanism

A psychological perspective emphasizing human potential, self-actualization, and personal growth.

Core concepts of Humanism

Hierachy of Needs (Abraham Maslov) and Client Centered Therapy (Carl Rogers)

Founders of Humanism

Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow

Methodology of Humanism

Qualitative Methods (Interviews) and Emphasis of individual experience

Cognitive Revolution

A shift in psychology focusing on the study of mental processes, such as perception, memory, and problem-solving, emphasizing the importance of cognitive processes in understanding behavior.

Founder of Cognitive Revolution

Noam Chomsky (Linguist)

Methodology of Cognitive Revolution

Scientific Method

Core concept of Cognitive Revolution

Psychology must consider human individual as a whole

Theories that only involve Inner Experiences

Structuralism, Functionalism, Gestalt, Psycho-analysis

Theories that only involves Observable Experiences

Humanism, Behaviorism

Theory that involve both Observable and Inner Experiences

Cognitive Revolution