Immune System Response Study Guide Cut

What produces antibodies?

B-Cells

5 antibody subtypes

IgM

IgG

IgA

IgD

IgE

IgM

Earliest Ig response

IgG

Most abundant Ig

Crosses placenta to protect fetus

IgA

Found in mucosal secretions: Breast milk, sweat,

saliva, tears

IgD

Hypersensitivity reaction; GI tract, skin, respiratory tract

IgE

Involved in allergies

Primary response

• First exposure to antigen

‒ Lag time before Ig levels increase

• IgM first antibody type formed

Secondary response

Any exposure after the first

IgG levels increase rapidly due to memory cells

Neutralize antigen before disease/symptoms occur

Active acquired Immunity

Exposure to antigen activates immune system

‒ Infection

‒ Vaccine

Antibodies, memory cells produced

Passive acquired

• Receive premade antibodies

• Short-term duration of response

Example of passive acquired immunity

hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIg) or antibodies transferred in breast milk

3 vaccine goals

• Exposure to antigen (non-disease causing)

• Provoke immune response

• Produce memory cells WITHOUT disease manifestation

Most viral vaccines contain…..

live virus

Antibody titers

blood test showing presence and level of antibodies

Antibody presence indicates…..

exposure to disease/antigen (as in vaccines)

can be used to indicate immunity

Hypersensitivity 4 types

• Type I: Immediate/allergies

• Type II: Cytotoxic

• Type III: Immune complex

• Type IV: Delayed