Chem one unit 0

dimensional analysis

method used for conversions

5280 ft

1mile=?ft

Metric system

all unistes are related to each other decimally

powers of ten

1mL=1cm³

1mL=?

1,000,000,000,000 m per 1 Tm

T (tera)

1,000,000,000m per one Gm

G (giga)

1,000,000 m per 1 Mm

M (mega)

1000m per 1km

k (kilo)

10

d (deci)

100

c (centi)

10³

m (milli)

10^6

u (micro)

10^9

n (nano)

10^12

p (pico)

Temperature

measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance

1.06qt

1L- ?qt

32 fl.oz

1qt= ? fl. oz

454g

1lbs=? g

16oz

1lb= ?0z

2000lbs

1 ton= ?lbs

1000 kg

1 ton= ?kg

Derived units

units based upon the SI base unit through calculations

volume and density

examples of derived units

volume m³

space occupied by an object

determined by grad cylinder or calculation

1000mL

1L=?mL

Density (g/cm³, g/mL)

amount of mass in a unit volume of substance

Temperature

what can change the volume of liquid

Mass

measure of quantity of matter

lower it will sink

more density

exact numbers

result from counting

defined quantities (1kg=1000g)

Inexact numbers

numbers whose values have some degree of uncertainty

obtained by measurements- last digit is uncertain (because of inherent limitations of equipment)

observation and experiment

scientific method is a process for undertsnading nature by observing nature and its behaior, and by conducting experiments to test our ideas

formulation of a hypo

Explain the phenomenon in the form of a cause and effect, or to explain the current state of knowledge

Test

hypo with carefully designed experiments to confirm or invalidate the hypo. if experiments do not confim hypo, hypo is rejected or modified

establish a theory

based on repeated experimental confirmation of the hypo

scientific law

formal description of known phenomenon

doesn’t explain why or how

A theory

Attempts to explain how something happens

result of numerous experiments

never proven

models

these help invalidate hypo and predict the outcome of an experiment

scientific theory

model for the way nature is and tries to explain what and why

accurate

measured value is the same true value

precise

multiple measurements give nearly identical values (reproducible results)