Taylor Alcohol

Ethanol absorption

rapidly absorbed from GI tract and distributes throughout body

Women are more affected by alcohol than men T/F

T

Metabolism of Ethanol

Microsomal Ethanol Oxidizing System (MEOS)

MEOS is induced during chronic alcohol consumption

Increases alchol metabolism but also clearance of other drugs

Disulfram MOA

inhibist ALDH

What product in the ethanol metabolism makes you feel sick?

Acetaldehyde

_____ alcohol use can inhibit metabolism of other drugs while _____ alcohol use can enhance it

Acute, chronic

Acetaminophin and alcoholism

Do not give acetaminophen to someone with alcohol use disorder

Alcohol affects on GABA and GLu

Enhances GABA

Inhibits Glu opening NMDA recetpor cation channel causing Blackouts

Alcohol’s vasodilating effect in a cold environment can cause________

Hypothermia

Chronic alcohol consuptiom is associated with increased risk of death cause by»

Liver disease

cancer

accidents

suicide

Tumor necrosis factor alpha is _________ in people with alcoholic liver disease

Elevated

(proinflammatory cytokine)

T/F Chronic alcohol use can cause chronic pancreatitis

T, most common cause

Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrom

Paralysis of eyes

associated with thiamine deficiency (common in alcoholi use disorder)

Can leads to korsakoff’s psychosis

Alcohol effects on CV system

Cardiomyopathy and heart failure

arrythmias

hypertension

Moderate alcohol consumtpion prevents coronary heart disease

Most important goal in treating acute alcohol intox

prevent respiratory depression

aspiration of vomitus

What is given to protect against wernicke korsakoff syndrome

thiamine

What can cause seizures

alcohol withdrawl

Time course of alcohol withdrawls

How to manage alcohol withdrawl

Restore potassium, magnesium, phosphate balance

substitute long acting sedative hyponotics for alcohol

Long acting benzos

Chlordiazepoxide

Dizepam

Short acting benzos

Lorazepam

Oxazepam

(for AUD liver disease)

Naltrexone

long acting opioid antagonsit ; reduces relapse and cravings

Acamprosate

weak NMDA receptor antagoinst and GABAa recetpr activaotr

Disulfram

Blocks aldehyde dehydrogenase

Methanol

widely used , toxic

aborsbed through skin

converts to metabolites (formaldehyde) slowly, toxicity can cause blindless

Ethylene glycol

anti freeze

sweet taste…

IV alcohol is an alternative to fomepizole

Fomepizole

ADH inhibtor approved for methanol and ethylene glycol poisoning