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Ethanol absorption
rapidly absorbed from GI tract and distributes throughout body
Women are more affected by alcohol than men T/F
T
Metabolism of Ethanol
Microsomal Ethanol Oxidizing System (MEOS)
MEOS is induced during chronic alcohol consumption
Increases alchol metabolism but also clearance of other drugs
Disulfram MOA
inhibist ALDH
What product in the ethanol metabolism makes you feel sick?
Acetaldehyde
_____ alcohol use can inhibit metabolism of other drugs while _____ alcohol use can enhance it
Acute, chronic
Acetaminophin and alcoholism
Do not give acetaminophen to someone with alcohol use disorder
Alcohol affects on GABA and GLu
Enhances GABA
Inhibits Glu opening NMDA recetpor cation channel causing Blackouts
Alcohol’s vasodilating effect in a cold environment can cause________
Hypothermia
Chronic alcohol consuptiom is associated with increased risk of death cause by»
Liver disease
cancer
accidents
suicide
Tumor necrosis factor alpha is _________ in people with alcoholic liver disease
Elevated
(proinflammatory cytokine)
T/F Chronic alcohol use can cause chronic pancreatitis
T, most common cause
Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrom
Paralysis of eyes
associated with thiamine deficiency (common in alcoholi use disorder)
Can leads to korsakoff’s psychosis
Alcohol effects on CV system
Cardiomyopathy and heart failure
arrythmias
hypertension
Moderate alcohol consumtpion prevents coronary heart disease
Most important goal in treating acute alcohol intox
prevent respiratory depression
aspiration of vomitus
What is given to protect against wernicke korsakoff syndrome
thiamine
What can cause seizures
alcohol withdrawl
Time course of alcohol withdrawls
How to manage alcohol withdrawl
Restore potassium, magnesium, phosphate balance
substitute long acting sedative hyponotics for alcohol
Long acting benzos
Chlordiazepoxide
Dizepam
Short acting benzos
Lorazepam
Oxazepam
(for AUD liver disease)
Naltrexone
long acting opioid antagonsit ; reduces relapse and cravings
Acamprosate
weak NMDA receptor antagoinst and GABAa recetpr activaotr
Disulfram
Blocks aldehyde dehydrogenase
Methanol
widely used , toxic
aborsbed through skin
converts to metabolites (formaldehyde) slowly, toxicity can cause blindless
Ethylene glycol
anti freeze
sweet taste…
IV alcohol is an alternative to fomepizole
Fomepizole
ADH inhibtor approved for methanol and ethylene glycol poisoning