Exercise 11: Articulations & Body Movements (Study Guide)

Fibrous (Joint Type)

immovable (e.g., sutures)

Cartilaginous (Joint Type)

slightly movable (e.g, public symphysis)

Synovial (Joint Type)

freely movable (e.g., shoulder, knee)

Joint cavity with synovial fluid (Synovial Joint Features)

Articular cartilage (Synovial Joint Features)

Joint capsule (Synovial Joint Features)

Ligaments (Synovial Joint Features)

.

Bursae and tendon sheaths (Synovial Joint Features)

.

Plane (Synovial Joint Types)

Flat or slightly curved bones

Hinge joint (Synovial Joint Types)

A rounded or cylindrical bone fits into a concave surface on the other bone

Pivot joint (Synovial Joint Types)

A rounded bone fits into a sleeve (a concave bone plus a ligament)

Condylar joint (Synovial Joint Types)

An oval condyle fits into an oval depression on the other bone

Saddle joint (Synovial Joint Types)

Articulating surfaces are saddle shaped; one surface is concave, the other surface is convex

Ball-and-socket joint (Synovial Joint Types)

The ball-shaped head of one bone fits into the cuplike depression of the other bone.

Flexion/Extension (movement terminology)

Abduction/Adduction (movement terminology)

Rotation (movement terminology)

Circumduction

Elevation/Depression

Protraction/Retraction

Inversion/Eversion

Dorsiflexion/Plantarflexion

Supination/Pronation

3 C’s (Knee Joint Anatomy)

• Collateral Ligaments

• Cruciate Ligaments

• Cartilages (Menisci)

Menisci (Knee Joint Anatomy)

fibrocartilage pads

(vulnerable to lateral blows when extended)

Labrum (Important joint structure)

fibrocartilage rim that deepens joint socket

Ligamentum Teres (Important joint structure)

stabilized hip joint

Bursa (important structure)

fluid-filled sac reducing friction

Tendon Sheath (important structure)

elongated bursa around tendons

Origin (muscle attachment)

fixed point

Insertion (muscle attachment)

moves during contraction

• During contraction, insertion moved toward origin