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Abrams v. United States (1919)
A landmark Supreme Court case that upheld the conviction of individuals distributing leaflets opposing U.S. involvement in World War I, interpreting free speech limits during wartime.
Muller v. Oregon (1908)
An influential Supreme Court case upholding a state law limiting women's working hours to ten per day, acknowledging the need for special protections for women.
National Labor Relations Act (Wagner Act, 1935)
A foundational statute in U.S. labor law granting workers the right to form unions and engage in collective bargaining to enhance workers' rights.
Fair Labor Standards Act (1938)
Legislation establishing minimum wage, overtime pay eligibility, recordkeeping, and youth employment to protect workers from unfair labor practices.
Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA, 1933)
An ambitious law aimed at boosting agricultural prices by paying farmers to reduce production during the Great Depression.
New Deal (1933-1939)
A series of programs and reforms enacted by FDR in response to the Great Depression, including relief measures, economic recovery, and reforms to prevent future crises.
Hawley-Smoot Act (1930)
A tariff act raising duties on imports to protect American industry, leading to retaliatory tariffs and an aggravation of the Great Depression.
Great Depression (1929-1939)
A severe worldwide economic downturn characterized by massive unemployment and bank failures, leading to major government policy changes.
Dust Bowl (1930s)
A period of severe dust storms caused by drought and poor agricultural practices, displacing hundreds of thousands of farmers.
Harlem Renaissance (1920s)
A cultural explosion centered in Harlem marked by the flourishing of African American art, literature, music, and a push for civil rights.
America First Committee (1940-1941)
A non-interventionist group opposing U.S. entry into World War II, advocating for neutrality and isolationism among Americans.
Women’s Suffrage (19th Amendment, 1920)
The movement securing the right to vote for women in the U.S., culminating in the ratification of the Nineteenth Amendment.
Progressivism (1890s-1920s)
A political movement addressing social issues, corruption, and inequality through reforms advocating for labor rights and women's rights.
World War I (American Expeditionary Forces, 1917-1918)
The period during which U.S. troops assisted allies against the Central Powers, significantly impacting American society and politics.
World War II (D-Day, Battle of Iwo Jima, 1944-1945)
Key battles where American forces played decisive roles, marking significant moments in the European and Pacific Theaters.
Eugenics (late 19th-early 20th centuries)
A movement aimed at improving human genetic quality through selective breeding, often associated with discriminatory practices.
Civil Rights Movement (1950s-1960s)
A pivotal struggle for social justice aiming to end racial segregation and discrimination, marked by key events and organizations like the NAACP.
