year 11 mocks from quizlet

it js seems to have everything

Strength

The ability of a material to resist an applied force.

Tensile strength

The maximum pulling/stretching force a material can withstand before failure.

Yield strength

The amount of stress at which the material can withstand before failure.

Ultimate tensile strength (UTS)

The amount of stress at which a material breaks.

Compressive strength

The resistance of a material under a compressive/pushing force.

Ductility

The amount that a material can be deformed.

Malleability

The ability of a substance to be deformed without rupturing or splitting.

Hardness

The ability of a material to resist wear and abrasion.

Toughness

The ability of a material to withstand an impact without breaking.

Brittleness

The potential for a material to shatter when it experiences an impact.

Stiffness

The ability of a material to resist bending.

Metal

A type of material made by processing an ore that has been mined or quarried.

Ore

Typically, an oxide of a metal, in the form of a rock.

Alloy

A mixture of two or more metals (or a metal with another element).

Ferrous

A material that contains iron.

Non-ferrous

A material that does not contain iron.

Ferrous alloys

Cast iron, low-carbon steel, high-carbon steel, stainless steel.

Non-ferrous metals

Aluminium and its alloys, copper, brass, bronze, lead, zinc.

Cold working

Repeatedly bending or hammering a metal.

Work hardening

An increase in the strength and hardness of a metal due to cold working.

Annealing

A heat treatment that makes a metal softer and easier to work.

Normalising

A heat treatment that results in metal that is tough with some ductility.

Quenching

The rapid cooling of a hot metal by immersing it in a liquid, often oil or brine.

Tempering

A heat treatment to remove some of the brittleness in a hardened steel, at the cost of some hardness.

Hardening

A heat treatment that increases the hardness and strength of a material due to a change in the arrangement of the atoms within it.

Carburising

The addition of carbon to the surface of a low-carbon steel to improve hardness and strength.

Corrosion

A reaction between the surface of a material and its environment that eats away some of the material.

Available forms of metals

Flat strip, round bar or rod, square bar, hexagon bar, angle, sheet, round tube, channel, rectangular tube.

Polymer

A type of material made from a large number of similar, smaller chemical units that are bonded together.

Thermoplastic

A type of polymer that can be reshaped when heated.

Thermosetting polymer

A type of polymer with crosslinks between the polymer chains; it cannot be reshaped when heated.

Thermoplastics

ABS (Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene), acrylic, nylon, polycarbonate, polystyrene.

Thermosetting polymers

Epoxy, polyester resin, melamine resin, polyurethane, vulcanised rubber.

Composite

A type of material made by combining two or more different types of material which remain physically distinct within its structure.

Reinforcement

The particles or fibres within a composite matrix that increase its strength.

Composites

CRP, GRP, plywood, MDF, OSB, structural concrete.

Timber

Wood; a type of material obtained from trees.

Ceramic

A type of material that is typically an oxide, nitride or carbide of a metal.

Form

The shape and dimensions of a material.

Renewable

A sustainable resource that is either not consumed as it is used, or is replaced.

Non-renewable

A finite resource that is consumed as it is used, and is not quickly replaced.

Fossil fuels

The non-renewable energy sources - oil, gas and coal.

Nuclear power

The use of radioactive elements to generate electricity.

Wind power

Using the wind to generate electricity.

Tidal power

Using the movement of water in the sea to generate electricity.

Biomass

Renewable organic materials that are used as fuel.

Solar power

Using sunlight to generate electricity or heat.

Energy sources

Fossil fuels, nuclear energy, wind power, tidal power, biomass, solar power.

Engineered lifespan

The amount of time that a product is designed to last.

Planned obsolescence

Designing a product so that it will have a limited lifespan.

Maintenance

Activities which extend the life of a product.

Reactive maintenance

Repairing broken parts.

Proactive maintenance

Carrying out actions that will prevent a product failing.

Lubrication

Using a fluid or other substance to reduce the friction and wear between contacting parts.

Additive manufacturing

A manufacturing method where a part is built up by adding material where it is required.

Sintering

The use of heat to convert a powder into a solid, without becoming a liquid.

Rapid prototyping

The use of an additive manufacturing method to make a complete part or component in a single operation.

Fused deposition modelling

A rapid prototyping process that prints a part layer-by-layer using polymers.

Stereolithography

A rapid prototyping process that uses a laser to build up a polymer part.

Computer-aided design (CAD)

The use of computer software when designing a product.

Resin

A liquid form of polymer.

Wasting

Removal of material.

Saw

A tool for cutting materials.

Shearing

Cutting a material by applying opposing forces on opposite sides, which forces the material apart.

Guillotine

A machine for cutting material using a shearing action.

Centre drilling

The use of a lathe to make a hole down the middle of a round part.

Pillar drill

A type of drill mounted on a pillar or stand.

Turning

The use of a lathe to make cylindrical parts.

Lathe

A machine used for turning, to process parts with a circular section.

Boring

To make a hole by hollowing out using a tool.

Milling

The use of a rotating cutting tool to remove material from the face of a workpiece, or to produce a slot.

Face

The surface of a material.

Slot

A groove in a material.

Shaping

A type of process that involves pouring or forcing liquid material into a mould.

Bending

Forcing something straight into a curve or angle.

Forming

A process that changes the dimensions or shape of a material without changing its volume or removing material.

Former

A device in a required profile that a material can be formed against.

Jig

A Device to hold a workplace.

Folding

Bending a material over on itself.

Press forming

A forming operation used to change the shape of a sheet material using pressure form a press.

Mould

A hollow container used to give shape to a piece of material.

Punching

A process where a hole is made in a sheet and the material pushed out is scrapped.

Stamping

A process where a part is pushed out of a sheet making a hole and the remaining material that was around it is scrap.

Casting

A shaping process in which molten metal or plastic are poured or forced into a mould an take on the shape of the mould when set.

Sand casting

A shaping process where a mould made from sand is filled with molten metal.

Pressure die casting

A shaping process where molten metal is forced into a reusable metal mould.

Injection moulding

A shaping process for polymers, where the polymer is forced into a reusable metal mould.

Threaded fastenings

Products such as screws, nuts and bolts that can be used to make a temporary joint.

Soldering

A joining process where metal parts are attached using a filler wire which melts and runs between them, typically melted using a soldering iron.

Brazing

A joining process where metal parts are attached together using a filler wire which melts and runs between them, with heat provided by either a flame or oven.

Welding

A joining process for metal parts where the edges of the parts are melted and form the joint, with additional filler metal if needed.

Precipitation hardening

A heat treatment where a supersaturated alloying element dissolves to form fine particles within a metal, increasing its strength and hardness.

Paint

A coloured substance which is spread over a surface and dries to leave a thin coating.

Dip coating

A finishing process used to apply a polymer coating to metal.

Electoplating

A process where a part to be coated is placed in a chemical bath and a current is passed through it to build up a coating.

Galvanising

Applying a coating to steel by dipping it in molten zinc.

Polishing

The process of smoothing the surface of a part by removing or wearing away a small amount of material.

Input

Turns a real-world signal into a signal that the process sub-system can understand.

Process

Changes the signal in some way, such as counting or timing.

Output

Changes the signal from the process sub-system back into a real-word signal.