Covalent Bonding and Molecular Structure Vocabulary

Vocabulary flashcards covering covalent bond definitions, electron sharing rules, and structural properties of key molecules.

Covalent Bond

A chemical bond that forms between two non-metals.

Single Bond Line (-)

A single straight line between two element symbols representing $2$ shared electrons ($1$ pair).

Double Covalent Bond

A covalent bond formed by sharing $4$ total electrons ($2$ pairs).

Triple Covalent Bond

A covalent bond formed by sharing $6$ total electrons ($3$ pairs).

Diatomic Molecule

A molecule composed of two atoms, such as $O_2$

Hydrogen Gas ($H_2$)

A diatomic molecule formed by sharing $1$ pair of electrons between two Hydrogen atoms, represented by the structural formula $H-H$

Nitrogen Gas ($N_2$)

A molecule containing a triple covalent bond with $6$ total shared electrons and $2$ total lone pairs in the entire molecule.

Carbon Dioxide ($CO_2$)

A molecule featuring a central Carbon atom bonded to two Oxygen atoms via $2$ double bonds, totaling $8$ shared electrons and $0$ lone pairs on Carbon.