Reaction Rates

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5 Terms

1
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What is collision theory?

A reaction won’t take place between two particles unless they collide in the right direction with sufficient energy

2
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What is the activation energy?

The minimum amount of kinetic energy particles needed to react

3
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What is a Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution?

  • If you plot a graph of the numbers of molecules in a gas with different kinetic energies you get a Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution

  • This is a theoretical model that has been developed to explain scientific observations

  • The area under the curve is equal to the total number of molecules

<ul><li><p>If you plot a graph of the numbers of molecules in a gas with different <strong>kinetic energies</strong> you get a <strong>Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution</strong></p></li><li><p>This is a theoretical model that has been developed to explain scientific observations</p></li><li><p>The <strong>area</strong> under the curve is equal to the <strong>total number of molecules</strong></p></li></ul><p></p>
4
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What is the effect of temperature on reaction rate?

  • When you increase temperature, the molecules will have more kinetic energy and will move faster.

  • More molecules would have the activation energy and be able to react

  • The maxwell-boltzmann curve shifts to the right- the area under the curve is still the same

  • Also, when kinetic energy is higher, there are more frequent collisions so reaction rate increases.

<ul><li><p>When you increase temperature, the molecules will have more <strong>kinetic energy </strong>and will move faster.</p></li><li><p>More molecules would have the <strong>activation energy</strong> and be able to react</p></li><li><p>The maxwell-boltzmann curve shifts to the right- the area under the curve is still the same</p></li><li><p>Also, when kinetic energy is higher, there are <strong>more frequent collisions</strong> so reaction rate increases.</p></li></ul><p></p>
5
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What is the effect of concentration on reaction rate?

  • If you increase the concentration of reactants in a solution, the particles will be closer together. If they are closer, collision are more frequent which increases rate of reaction

  • If the reaction is gaseous, increasing pressure has the same effect in a given volume

<ul><li><p>If you increase the concentration of reactants in a solution, the particles will be <strong>closer together</strong>. If they are closer, collision are more <strong>frequent </strong>which increases rate of reaction</p></li><li><p>If the reaction is gaseous, increasing pressure has the same effect in a given volume</p></li></ul><p></p>