HISTORY 150 MARTIN LUTHER AND THE GERMAN REFORMATION

A series of flashcards summarizing key concepts from the lecture on Martin Luther and the German Reformation.

Indulgence

A grant by the Catholic Church that could lessen punishment for sins, often purchased.

95 Theses

A list of propositions for debate by Martin Luther, criticizing the sale of indulgences and church practices.

Excommunication

The act of officially excluding someone from participation in the sacraments and services of the Christian Church.

Justification by Faith

Luther's belief that faith in God alone, rather than good works, is the means to achieve salvation.

Priesthood of All Believers

Luther’s doctrine stating that all Christians have direct access to God, without mediation by priests.

The printing press

A revolutionary technology that enabled mass production of texts and significantly aided the spread of Luther's ideas.

Lutheranism

A major branch of Protestant Christianity that identifies with the teachings of Martin Luther.

Purgatory

A state of purification after death, believed in by Catholics, where souls undergo cleansing before entering heaven.

Martin Luther

A German theologian whose criticisms of the Catholic Church initiated the Protestant Reformation.

Duchy of Saxony

A historical region in Germany where Martin Luther began the Reformation.