Unit 1 - Unit 3

Personality

A combination of characteristics that make an individual unique from others, influencing productivity and job selection.

Myers Briggs

A tool categorizing individuals based on preferences like extraversion vs. introversion, sensing vs. intuitive, thinking vs. feeling, and judging vs. perceiving.

Big 5 Personality Types/Traits

Includes Conscientiousness, Emotional Stability, Extraversion, Agreeableness, and Openness to Experience.

Motivation

Forces within individuals determining effort level, direction, and persistence at work.

Extrinsic reward

Valued outcomes given by others, like pay, praise, promotion, and time off.

Intrinsic reward

Valued outcomes naturally occurring during task completion, such as feelings of competency and personal development.

Content motivational theory

Helps understand human needs and responses to work situations.

Process motivational theory

Explains how people interpret rewards and respond with behaviors.

Reinforcement motivational theory

Focuses on environmental consequences influencing behavior.

Maslow’s hierarchy of needs

Ranks human needs from physiological to self-actualization, emphasizing basic needs before higher ones.

ERG theory – Clayton Alderfer

Classifies human needs into Growth, Relatedness, and Existence categories, allowing for multiple needs simultaneously.

Two-factor theory – Frederick Herzberg

Distinguishes between hygiene factors and motivator factors affecting satisfaction and needs.

Acquired needs theory �� David McClelland

Identifies needs for Achievement, Affiliation, and Power influencing behavior.

Communication

Interpersonal process involving sending and receiving messages with key elements like sender, message, channel, receiver, and feedback.

Non-verbal communication

Communication through gestures, expressions, and body language.

Distractions

Factors like interruptions that hinder effective communication.

Status effect

Hierarchy barriers affecting communication, including filtering.

Active listening

Process aiding in understanding and responding effectively to messages.

Noise

Factors like poor channels or distractions hindering communication effectiveness.

Perception Barriers to communication

Influences like stereotypes, halo effects, selective perception, and projection affecting communication.

Feedback vs Constructive Feedback

Process of sharing feelings or ideas vs. providing improvement suggestions.

Written channel

Communication through memos, emails, and letters for quick information spread.

Spoken Channels

Communication through face-to-face interactions or speeches for complex messages.

Consumer

Individual purchasing goods or services for personal use.

Halo effect

Bias affecting communication, often used in marketing and advertising.

5 rules for Good listening

Techniques for active listening, including responding to feelings and providing feedback.

Ethnocentrism

Tendency to consider one's culture superior, affecting communication with others.

Technology Utilization

Impact of information technologies on communication, distinguishing functional and dysfunctional uses.

Self-Awareness

Understanding one's own moods and emotions; understanding the impact of one's work on others

Self-Regulation

Thinking before acting and having control of otherwise disruptive impulses

Motivation

Working hard with persistence and for reasons other than money or status

Empathy

Understanding the emotions of others and using this understanding to better relate to them

Organization

A group of individuals working together to achieve a goal or satisfy an objective to fulfill their purpose (mission)

Productivity

An overall measure of the quantity and quality of outputs relative to the cost of inputs

Performance Effectiveness

An output measure of task or goal accomplishment ("Doing the right things")

Performance Efficiency

An input measure of the resource costs associated with goal accomplishment ("Doing things right")