PEH Second Summative Examination Reviewer

Vocabulary flashcards generated from the lecture notes covering heart rate formulas, nutrition, eating disorders, energy systems, and types of exercises.

Karvonen Formula

A formula used to calculate heart rate based on pulse count and exercise intensity, defined as $\text{THR} = [(\text{MHR} - \text{RHR}) \times \text{Intensity}] + \text{RHR}$.

Resting Heart Rate (RHR)

The heart rate used to set the base or standard for evaluation purposes, best measured upon waking up in the morning by counting pulses within $15$ seconds and multiplying by $4$.

Maximum Heart Rate (MHR)

The highest rate your heart can attain, calculated by subtracting age from $220$.

Target Heart Rate (THR)

The rate used to determine aerobic intensity according to a straight percentage of MHR, usually within $60\%$ to $90\%$.

Nutrients

Substances obtained from food that are needed by the body for proper functioning, growth, development, and repair.

Macronutrients

Nutrients that include carbohydrates, fats, proteins, and water.

Micronutrients

Nutrients needed by the body in small amounts, including vitamins and minerals, that support body development and the production of enzymes and hormones.

Anorexia nervosa

An eating disorder that occurs when a person has an intense fear of gaining weight.

Bulimia nervosa

An eating disorder that occurs when an individual consumes vast amounts of food in a short period and then vomits out the food afterward.

Pica

An eating disorder where an individual repeatedly eats non-food items such as soil, detergent, chalk, ice, or paper.

Binge eating disorder

An eating disorder that occurs when people eat an excessive amount of food, often leading to being overweight or obese.

Rumination disorder

An eating disorder in which a person repeatedly brings recently swallowed food back into their mouth, then either re-chews it or swallows it again.

Avoidant/food restrictive disorder

An eating disorder that occurs when individuals do not have an interest in eating and develop a distaste for certain smells and tastes.

Basal Metabolic Rate

The transfer energy needed to maintain body temperature to keep us alive with no motion required.

Working Energy

Energy used for movements that are considered voluntary.

Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)

A compound in the body that keeps everything functioning and, in a biochemical sense, stores and uses energy.

ATP-PCr System

An energy system that keeps going for around $5$ to $15$ seconds using Creatine Phosphate (PCr) to help produce more ATP for activities like swinging a golf club, jumping, and throwing.

Glycolytic System

An energy system for maximum effort movements lasting $1$ to $2$ minutes that relies on converting carbohydrates to glucose and breaking down glycogen to generate quick but non-lasting ATP.

Oxidative System

An energy system that produces ATP slowly but sustains energy production for a long duration, serving as the primary source of ATP during rest and low-intensity exercises such as running, jogging, biking, and walking.

Aerobic Exercise

Cardiovascular conditioning that strengthens both the heart and lungs, derived from the word 'aerobic' meaning 'with oxygen'.

Anaerobic Exercise

High-intensity, short, and fast exercise that uses stored muscle energy instead of oxygen.