Meiosis and Genetic Variability

A set of vocabulary flashcards covering key concepts related to meiosis and genetic variability.

Meiosis I

The first phase of meiosis where homologous chromosomes separate, resulting in two haploid daughter cells.

Anaphase I

The stage of meiosis I where chromosomes move toward opposite poles.

Telophase I

The stage that follows Anaphase I, resulting in the formation of two haploid daughter cells where chromosomes still consist of sister chromatids.

Meiosis II

The second phase of meiosis, similar to mitosis, where sister chromatids separate resulting in four haploid daughter cells.

Crossing over

The process during Prophase I of meiosis where homologous chromosome pairs exchange DNA, leading to genetic recombination.

Independent assortment

The random arrangement of homologous chromosome pairs during Metaphase I which contributes to genetic variability.

Genetic variability

The diversity in gene frequencies, resulting from processes such as crossing over and independent assortment.

Chiasma

The point where two homologous chromosomes exchange genetic material during crossing over.

Haploid

A cell that contains a single set of chromosomes (n), as seen in the daughter cells of meiosis.

Gametes

Reproductive cells (sperm and egg) that are produced through meiosis and carry genetic information for reproduction.