Science - Chapter 15 Composition of Matter

What is matter?

Anything that takes up space and has mass.

What is a substance?

A type of matter with a fixed composition (EX. Helium, copper, aluminum.)

What is a an element?

A subtance made up of atoms that are all alike.

How many elements are found on Earth naturally?

92.

How many elements are there IN TOTAL on the periodic table?

118.

What is a compound?

A substance in which the atoms of two or more elements are chemically combined.

What is a heterogeneous mixture?

A mixture in which different materials remain distinct.

What is a suspension?

A heterogeneous mixture made of a liquid and solid particles that settle.

What is a colloid?

A heterogeneous mixture with particles that never settle.

What is a homogeneous mixture?

A mixture that remains constantly and uniformly mixed, with particles too small for a microscope.

What is a solution?

A homogeneous mixture.

What is a pure substance?

An element or a compound.

What is ductility?

A material’s ability to be drawn into thin wires.

What is electrolysis?

Using electricity to break a compound apart.

What is an explosion?

Something burning very quickly.

What is a physical property?

Any material’s characteristic you can observe without changing the identity of the substance.

What is an example of a material that is affected by light?

The film in a camera.

The behavior of a material is a ____, such as iron being magnetic.

Physical property.

What kind of change happens when water evaporates, then cools, and freezes?

A physical change.

A substance can change its state of matter by taking in/letting go of enough ____.

Energy.

What is distillation?

The process of separating substances by evaporating a liquid and recondensing its vapor.

What is flammability?

A substance’s tendency to burn.

What is chemical property?

Any material’s characteristic you can observe that produces one or more new substances.

What is an example where weathering is a physical change?

Rocks changing size as water moves over it.

What is an example where weathering is a chemical change?

Limestone and water.

What is the law of conservation of mass?

Mass is not gained or lost in a chemical or physical change.

What is physical appearance?

The physical description of a substance

What are chemical behaviors?

How a substance acts.

Chemical changes can separate ____.

Substances.

What elements make up sugar?

Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.

What are examples of compounds?

Sugar, table salt, carbon dioxide, baking soda.

What are examples of elements?

Copper, iron, helium, and hydrogen.

What are examples of chemical properties?

Flammability, toxicity, radioactivity, acidity, and reactivity.

What is the process of using electricity to separate a compound?

Electrolysis.