Chemical configurations

Atom

Smallest unit of matter that can enter chemical reactions

Chemical reactions

Process where new substances are formed because atoms are rearranged, combined or seperated

Matter

Anything that takes up space and has weight

Elements

Pure substance made of one type of atom

Proton

Positive charge in an atom

Electron

Negative charge in an atom

Neutron

No charge in an atom

Atomic number

Number of protons in the nucleus

Electron configuration

Arrangement of an atoms electrons

Electron shell

Electrons in a formation

Valence shell

Outermost occupied electron shell

Lattices

Repeating 3D structure of atoms or ions

Molecules

Small group of atoms bonded together

Orbital

Region an electron is most likely found

Noble gases

Elements that have a full outer shell of electrons

Ion

Particle, atom or molecule that has become charged by losing or gaining electrons

Cation

Positively charged ion (formed when a metal atom loses its outer shell electrons)

Anion

Negatively charged ion (formed when a metal atom gains its outer shell electrons)

Ionic compound

Metals and non-metals interact to form chemical bonds

Ionic bond

Electrical force of attraction between the ions

Covalent bonds

2 or more non-metals share electrons

Delocalised electron (a sea of delocalised electrons)

Electrons not bound by a single atom

Metallic bonds

Metal atoms lose valance electrons to become positive ions

Electrovalency

Number of positive or negative charges on an ion

Valency

Amount of positive or negative charges for a full valency shell