Key Concepts for Exam Preparation

Vocabulary flashcards covering key concepts related to energy systems, physiological adaptations, and exercise performance for exam preparation.

Glycolysis

The metabolic process that converts glucose into pyruvate, producing a net gain of 2 ATP.

ATP-PCR

A quick energy system that provides ATP through the breakdown of phosphocreatine, lasting about 10 seconds.

Krebs cycle

A series of reactions in the mitochondria that produces NADH and FADH2, contributing to ATP production.

Anaerobic vs. Aerobic

Anaerobic refers to energy production without oxygen (e.g., short sprints), while aerobic involves energy production with oxygen (e.g., long distance running).

Acclimation

Rapid physiological adaptation to environmental changes occurring within days to a few weeks.

Acclimatization

Gradual and long-term adaptation to environmental changes occurring over months to years.

Lactate Threshold

The exercise intensity at which lactate begins to accumulate in the bloodstream.

Stroke Volume

The amount of blood pumped by the heart in one beat.

Frank-Starling Mechanism

The principle that increased preload (EDV) results in a stronger heart contraction and increased stroke volume.

EPOC

Excess Post-exercise Oxygen Consumption; the amount of oxygen consumed above resting levels after exercise.

Bohr Effect

The physiological phenomenon where increased carbon dioxide concentration leads to the release of oxygen from hemoglobin.