1_MOINA for Facial Expression and Mastication

levator palpebrae superioris origin

lesser wing of sphenoid bone (anterior surface)

levator palpebrae superioris insertion

upper eyelid (fascia & skin)

levator palpebrae superioris nerve

oculomotor nerve (CN III)

levator palpebrae superioris action

elevates upper eyelid

buccinator origin

maxilla & mandible (posterior alveolar process of both bones);

buccinator origin

pterygomandibular raphe

buccinator insertion

modiolus (just lateral to the angle of the mouth

buccinator nerve

facial nerve (CN VII)

buccinator action

compresses cheek(s)

corrugator supercilii origin

frontal bone just above nose (lateral to glabella)

corrugator supercilii insertion

skin of medial portion of eyebrows

corrugator supercilii nerve

facial nerve (CN VII) (zygomatic branch)

corrugator supercilii action action

draws eyebrows downward & medially ("thinker's brow")

depressor anguli oris origin

along oblique line of mandible; lateral aspect of mental tubercle of mandible

depressor anguli oris insertion

modiolus (near angle of mouth)

depressor anguli oris nerve

facial nerve (CN VII)

depressor anguli oris action

depresses angle(s) of mouth (frown)

depressor labii inferioris origin

mandible (between symphysis & mental foramen)

depressor labii inferioris insertion

skin & fascia of lower lip

depressor labii inferioris nerve

facial nerve (CN VII)

depressor labii inferioris action

draws lower lip downward & laterally; everts lower lip

depressor septi nasi origin

incisive fossa of maxilla

depressor septi nasi insertion

septum & alar cartilage of nose

depressor septi nasi nerve

facial nerve (CN VII)

depressor septi nasi action

constricts notrils

frontalis origin

galea aponeurotica

frontalis insertion

skin & fascia above nose & eyes

frontalis nerve

facial nerve (CN VII), temporal branch of

frontalis action

draws scalp posteriorly to raise eyebrows & wrinkle brow (surprise)

levator anguli oris origin

below infraorbital foramen of maxilla

levator anguli oris insertion

modiolus (near angle of mouth)

levator anguli oris nerve

facial nerve (CN VII)

levator anguli oris action

elevates angle(s) of mouth (smiling)

levator labii superioris origin

medial inferior orbital margin of maxilla

levator labii superioris insertion

upper lip muscles

levator labii superioris nerve

facial nerve (CN VII)

levator labii superioris action

elevates upper lip; everts upper lip

levator labii superioris alaeque nasi origin

frontal process of maxilla

levator labii superioris alaeque nasi insertion

lateral slip: upper lip muscles; medial slip: alar cartilage of nose

levator labii superioris alaeque nasi nerve

facial nerve (CN VII)

levator labii superioris alaeque nasi action

elevates upper lip; flares nostrils; everts upper lip

mentalis origin

incisive fossa of mandible

mentalis insertion

skin & fascia of chin

mentalis nerve

facial nerve (CN VII)

mentalis action

elevation of lower lip; everts lower lip; wrinkles skin of chin

nasalis origin

transverse part: maxilla (lateral to nose); alar part: maxilla, superior to canine alveolar process

nasalis insertion

transverse part: opposite side nasalis over upper cartilage of nose; alar part: alar cartilage of nose (nasal wing)

nasalis nerve

facial nerve (CN VII)

nasalis action

flares nostrils (particularly in forced respiration)

occipitalis origin

lateral 2/3 of superior nuchal line & EOP

occipitalis insertion

galea aponeurotica

occipitalis nerve

facial nerve (CN VII), posterior auricular branch

occipitalis action

draws back scalp to raise eyebrows & wrinkle brow (surprise)

orbicularis oculi origin

orbital portion: nasal process of frontal bone; palpebral portion: palpebral ligament; lacrimal portion: lacrimal crest of lacrimal bone

orbicularis oculi insertion

circumferentially around orbit meeting at the origin

orbicularis oculi nerve

facial nerve (CN VII) (zygomatic branch)

orbicularis oculi action

closes eye tightly, squinting of the eye; depresses upper eye lid, elevates lower eyelid (palpebral part)

orbicularis oris origin

modiolus (just lateral to angle of mouth)

orbicularis oris insertion

circumferentially around mouth; blends with other muscles

orbicularis oris nerve

facial nerve (CN VII)

orbicularis oris action

closes mouth; protrudes lips (puckering of lips)

platysma insertion

mandible & subcutaneous fascia of lower face

platysma origin

subcutaneous fascia (over deltoid-pectoral region)

platysma nerve

facial nerve (CN VII)

platysma action

tenses skin over lower neck (creates ridge in skin); depress mandible & lower lip

procerus origin

nasal bone & cartilages

procerus insertion

Skin & fascia between eyebrows

procerus nerve

facial nerve ( CN VII) (superior buccal branches)

procerus action

draws medial eyebrow downward (menacing expression); wrinkles skin of superior nose

Risorius origin

parotid fascia (superficial to masseter)

Risorius insertion

modiolus (near angle of mouth)

Risorius nerve

facial nerve (CN VII)

Risorius action

draws angle of mouth laterally (false smile)

zygomaticus major origin

zygomatic bone (anterior to zygomatic- temporal suture)

zygomaticus major insertion

modiolus (near angle of mouth)

zygomaticus major nerve

facial nerve (CN VII)

zygomaticus major action

elevates angle of mouth (smiling); pulls angle of mouth laterally

zygomaticus minor origin

zygomatic bone (posterior to zygomaticmaxillary suture)

zygomaticus minor insertion

skin, fascia & muscles of upper lip

zygomaticus minor nerve

facial nerve (CN VII)

zygomaticus minor action

elevates upper lip (smile); everts upper lip

Masseter origin

Zygomatic Arch of Temporalis

Masseter insertion

Angle of Mandible

Masseter nerve

Trigeminal N. (V3), Mandibula r Branch

Masseter action

Closes (elevates) the jaw

Medial/ Internal Pterygoid origin

Medial surface of Lateral Pterygoid Plate

Medial/ Internal Pterygoid insertion

Medial aspect of the angle of the mandible

Medial/ Internal Pterygoid nerve

Trigeminal N. (V3), Mandibula r Branch

Medial/ Internal Pterygoid action

Closes (elevates) the jaw

Temporalis origin

Temporal Fossa of Temporalis and Sphenoid

Temporalis insertion

Coronoid Process of Mandible

Temporalis nerve

Trigeminal N. (V3), Mandibula r Branch

Temporalis action

Anterior Fibers: closes (elevates) jaw; Middle + Posterior fibers: Retract mandible (open jaw)

Lateral/ External Pterygoid origin

Superior Head: Greater wing of Sphenoid; Inferior Head: Lateral Pterygoid Plate

Lateral/ External Pterygoid insertion

Joint capsule of Condylar Process

Lateral/ External Pterygoid nerve

Trigeminal N. (V3), Mandibula r Branch

Lateral/ External Pterygoid action

Protrusion of the jaw. The only muscle of the masticators to protrude the jaw.