chapter 6 metamorphic rocks

preexisting rock that is subsequently altered to form a metamorphic rock is termed a

protolith

_____ commonly serves as a protolith in the formation of quartzite

sandstone

broadly, metamorphism involves

changes in mineralogy and texture in response to heat and stress

which of the following processes CANNOT occur in the formation of metamorphic rock?

complete melting of the rock, followed by solidification to form a new rock

a buried body of shale is subjected to differential stress, causing clay minerals to realign and produce slate. this is an example of…

metamorphism

which list properly orders metamorphic rocks from lowest grade to highest grade?

slate, phyllite, schist, and gneiss

foliation is the alignment of ______ in a metamorphic rock

minerals

metamorphism occurs at temperatures between ______ and ______

diagenesis; melting

the application of _____ during metamorsphism causes elongated crystals to align parallel with each other. when this happens, the rock develops…

differential stress; foliation

_______ commonly serves as a protolith in the formation of marble

limestone

in the formation of gneiss from granite, distinctive compositional bands form because of

crystals dissolving, with atoms and ions migrating and reorganizing as new crystals

slaty cleavage, schistosity, and compositional banding are all examples of

foliation

thermal (contact) metamorphism occurs…

in areas surrounding igneous intrusions

thermal (contact) metamorphism produces

nonfoliated rocks only

nonfoliated metamorphic rocks are classified based on their…

mineral composition

which of the following processes CANNOT induce metamorphism?

cementation and compaction of grains during diagenesis

clay minerals within a slate are changed into mica minerals due to the application of heat to a rock. this is an example of

neocrystallization

foliated metamorphic rocks possess…

mineral grains in preferred orientations or patterns of association (banding)

marble and quartzite are nonfoliated rocks because

both are dominated by minerals that produce equant grains

the region of thermally metamorphosed rock surrounding a cooled pluton is called a(n)

aureole

dynamothermal (regional) metamorphism occurs when…

rock becomes deeply buried during continental collision and mountain building

_____ metamorphism affects the greatest volumes of rock and produces the greatest variety in metamorphic rock types

dynamothermal (regional)

within a single mountain range…

it is possible to find a variety of metamorphic rocks produced in distinct facies, including high, intermediate, and low grade rocks

two common metamorphic rocks that typically lack foliation are …… and ….

quartzite; marble

what is a primary difference between phyllite and schist?

mica crystals within schist are larger than those within phyllite