2.3 & 2.4 ap networking

What is the primary function of undersea cables?

To transmit data such as emails and photos across the ocean.

What happens when an undersea cable is cut?

It can cause outages affecting many users, and repairs may take up to two months.

What are the three main types of cables used in modern networks?

Twisted Pair, Coaxial, and Fiber Optic.

What type of signal does Twisted Pair cable use?

Electricity via copper wire.

What type of signal does Fiber Optic cable use?

Light via glass or plastic.

What does CAT5e stand for?

A category of twisted pair cables standardized based on performance.

What is the maximum data rate for CAT5e cables?

Up to 1 Gbps.

What is the maximum data rate for CAT6 cables?

Up to 10 Gbps.

What is the purpose of an RJ-45 protector?

To cover the connector after the wire has been terminated.

What is the role of a switch in a local area network (LAN)?

To connect multiple devices and deliver data packets only to the destination port.

What is packet switching?

The process where a switch receives data packets and delivers them only to the associated destination port.

What is a MAC Address?

A unique physical address permanently assigned to a network device.

What does a MAC Address Table do?

It keeps track of which device is attached to which port on a switch.

What is traffic segmentation in networking?

The practice of sending data only to the intended device, reducing unnecessary traffic.

What is link aggregation?

Combining multiple physical network links into a single logical link to increase bandwidth and redundancy.

What does QoS stand for in networking?

Quality of Service, which prioritizes certain types of traffic to ensure bandwidth for critical applications.

What is port mirroring?

A feature that copies data traveling on one port to another port for monitoring and analysis.

What is the primary function of a router?

To connect and route traffic between different types of networks, such as LANs and WANs.

What is a default gateway?

The router that serves as the exit point for a device to communicate with other networks.

What type of address do routers use to send packets across networks?

IP addresses.

What is the difference between a MAC address and an IP address?

A MAC address is a physical address for LANs, while an IP address is a logical address used for communication across networks.

What happens to a packet with a destination IP address outside the local network?

It is sent to the default gateway (router) for routing to the correct destination.

What are the two types of network appliances mentioned?

Physical appliances and virtual appliances.

Why are switches preferred over hubs in modern networks?

Switches efficiently deliver messages only to the intended destination, reducing collisions and improving performance.

What is the significance of tighter twists and more shielding in cables?

They improve performance by reducing interference and increasing data transmission rates.

What is the impact of network congestion?

It can slow down the network and lead to dropped messages that need to be resent.

What is the purpose of a cable tester?

To verify the integrity and performance of network cables.

What is a logical address in networking?

An IP address that is temporary and specific to the LAN that a device has joined.

What role does a router play in networking?

Routers determine where to send packets based on IP address information, deciding if data stays within a LAN or goes to another network.

How do routers perform packet filtering?

By filtering packets based on source and destination addresses or protocols.

What is traffic management in routers?

The ability to prioritize traffic to ensure critical applications have necessary bandwidth and manage network performance.

What are home routers used for?

To connect home devices to the internet and manage local network traffic, often including wireless access points and basic firewall protection.

What distinguishes enterprise routers from home routers?

Enterprise routers connect multiple office locations and manage complex network traffic with advanced features.

What are core routers designed for?

To operate within the core of large ISP networks, managing high-speed, high-capacity data traffic.

What is a virtual router?

A software-based router that provides routing capabilities within a virtualized environment.

What is the significance of IEEE standards in networking?

They create standards for digital equipment to ensure compatibility and quality control in data transmission.

What does the 802.3 Ethernet standard define?

It sets the standards for data transmission speed and connection types in Ethernet networks.

What is the maximum distance for twisted pair cabling?

100 meters.

What is the purpose of twisted pairs in cabling?

To reduce signal interference by twisting pairs of wires together.

What type of connector is used for Category 5 cabling?

RJ-45 connector.

What is the speed of Cat 5e or Cat 6 cabling?

1 Gbps (1000Base-T).

What is coaxial cable primarily used for?

To deliver cable internet and television in households.

What is the maximum distance for coaxial cable?

200-450 meters.

What are the advantages of fiber optic cabling?

Immune to EMI, low signal loss, long maximum distance, lightweight, safe, and secure.

What is a transceiver in networking?

A device that converts electrical signals from Ethernet cables into light signals for transmission over fiber optic cables.

What are the disadvantages of fiber optic cabling?

Higher cost, difficult installation, and susceptibility to modal interference.

What types of signals do copper and fiber cabling carry?

Copper carries electrical signals, while fiber carries light signals.

What is the function of light in fiber optic media?

Data is transferred by light impulses produced by LEDs or lasers.

What is the primary use of single-mode fiber optic cables?

For long-distance communication due to their ability to carry signals over greater distances.

What is the main characteristic of multimode fiber optic cables?

They are used for shorter distances and can carry multiple light modes simultaneously.

What is the purpose of fiber optic connectors?

To connect fiber optic cables and ensure proper transmission of light signals.

What is the impact of fiber optic components on network design?

They enhance network performance, scalability, and support various communication needs.