Studied by 3 people
Identify
Left: Neck, Intertrochanteric line, Lateral epicondyle
Middle: Head, Lesser trochanter, Adductor tubercle, Medial epicondyle, Medial condyle
Right: Greater trochanter, Intertrochanteric crest, Gluteal tuberosity, Linea aspera, Lateral epicondyle, Lateral condyle
Identify
Left: Intercondylar eminence, Lateral condyle, Head (fibula), Lateral malleolus (fibula)
Middle: Medial condyle, Tibial tuberosity, Medial malleolus
Right: Head (fibula), Lateral malleolus (fibula)
Gluteus maximus
Origin: iliac crest, sacrum, sacrotuberous ligament
Insertion: iliotibial tract, gluteal tuberosity, femoral shaft
Main actions (on thigh): extension, lateral rotation
Innervation: inferior gluteal
Gluteus medius
Origin: ilium external surface
Insertion: greater trochanter
Main actions (on thigh): abduction, medial rotation; prevents pelvic tilt with gait
Innervation: superior gluteal
Gluteus minimus
Origin: ilium external surface
Insertion: greater trochanter
Main actions (on thigh): abduction, medial rotation; prevents pelvic tilt with gait
Innervation: superior gluteal
Tensor fasciae latae
Origin: iliac crest
Insertion: iliotibial tract
Main actions (on thigh): stabilizes knee joint in extension
Innervation: superior gluteal
Piriformis
Origin: sacrum, sacrotuberous ligament
Insertion: greater trochanter
Main actions: laterally rotate thigh and stabilize femoral head in acetabulum
Gemellus superior
Origin: ischial spine
Insertion: greater trochanter
Main actions: laterally rotate thigh and stabilize femoral head in acetabulum
Obturator internus
Origin: inner surface of obturator foramen
Insertion: greater trochanter
Main actions: laterally rotate thigh and stabilize femoral head in acetabulum
Gemellus inferior
Origin: ischial tuberosity
Insertion: greater trochanter
Main actions: laterally rotate thigh and stabilize femoral head in acetabulum
Obturator externus
Origin: outer margins of obturator foramen
Insertion: greater trochanter
Main actions: laterally rotate thigh and stabilize femoral head in acetabulum
Quadratus femoris
Origin: ischial tuberosity
Insertion: intertrochanteric crest of femur
Main actions: laterally rotate thigh and stabilize femoral head in acetabulum
Trendelenburg gait
Abnormal gait resulting from defective hip abductor mechanism (gluteus medias or minimus)
Piriformis syndrome
Piriformis muscle compresses the sciatic nerve
Biceps femoris long head
Origin: ischial tuberosity
Insertion: fibular head
Main actions: extends thigh, flexes leg
Innervation: tibial nerve
Biceps femoris short head
Origin: linea aspera
Insertion: fibular head
Main actions: flexes leg
Innervation: common fibular nerve
Semitendinosus
Origin: ischial tuberosity
Insertion: proximal medial shaft of tibia
Main actions: extends thigh, flexes leg
Innervation: tibial nerve
Semimembranosus
Origin: ischial tuberosity
Insertion: tibia medial condyle
Main actions: extends thigh, flexes leg
Innervation: tibial nerve
Sartorius
Origin: ASIS
Insertion: proximal medial shaft of tibia
Main actions: flexes thigh, laterally rotates thigh, flexes leg
Innervation: femoral nerve
Quadriceps femoris - rectus femoris
Origin: AIIS
Insertion: patellar ligament to tibial tuberosity
Main actions: flexes thigh, extends leg
Innervation: femoral nerve
Quadriceps femoris - vastus lateralis
Origin: greater trochanter
Insertion: patellar ligament to tibial tuberosity
Main actions: extends leg
Innervation: femoral nerve
Quadriceps femoris - vastus medialis
Origin: intertrochanteric line
Insertion: patellar ligament to tibial tuberosity
Main actions: extends leg
Innervation: femoral nerve
Quadriceps femoris - vastus intermedius
Origin: anterior femoral shaft
Insertion: patellar ligament to tibial tuberosity
Main actions: extends leg
Innervation: femoral nerve
Iliopsoas
Origin: lumbar vertebra, iliac crest and fossa
Insertion: lesser trochanter of femur
Main actions: flexes thigh (powerfully)
Pectineus
Origin: superior pubic ramus
Insertion: pectineal line of femur
Main actions: adducts thigh, some flexion
Innervation: obturator nerve
Adductor brevis
Origin: ischiopubic ramus
Insertion: linea aspera (top 1/3)
Main actions: adducts thigh, some flexion
Innervation: obturator nerve
Adductor longus
Origin: crest of pubic symphysis
Insertion: linea aspera (middle 1/3)
Main actions: adducts thigh, some flexion
Innervation: obturator nerve
Adductor magnus - adductor portion
Origin: ischiopubic ramus
Insertion: linea aspera (lower 1/3)
Main actions: adducts thigh
Innervation: obturator nerve
Adductor magnus - hamstring portion
Origin: ischial tuberosity
Insertion: adductor tubercle of femur
Main actions: extends thigh
Innervation: tibial nerve
Gracilis
Origin: symphysis pubis
Insertion: proximal medial shaft of tibia
Main actions: adducts thigh, slight leg flexion
Identify
Left: ACL, LCL, lateral meniscus
Right: PCL, MCL, medial meniscus
Valgus stress test
Test for MCL injury
Move knee medially and leg laterally
Varus stress test
Test for LCL injury
Move knee laterally and leg medially
Anterior drawer test
Test for ACL injury
Flex knee 90 degrees, then pull leg anteriorly (injury if there is excessive anterior movement)
Lachman test
Test for ACL injury
Flex knee 15-20 degrees, then pull leg anteriorly (injury if there is excessive anterior movement)
Posterior drawer test
Test for PCL injury
Flex knee 90 degrees, then push tibia (injury if there is excessive posterior movement)
Can also hold leg up and let gravity do work (will see indentation in the knee if PCL injury present)
McMurray test
Test for meniscus injury
Identify
Left: Posterior talofibular ligament, Calcaneofibular ligament
Middle: Anterior talofibular ligament, Medial collateral (deltoid) ligament
Tibialis anterior
Origin: lateral condyle and lateral surface of the tibia
Insertion: base of first metatarsal
Main actions: dorsiflexes ankle, inverts foot
Innervation: deep fibular nerve
Extensor hallucis longus
Origin: anterior fibula and interosseous membrane
Insertion: dorsal aspect of distal phalanx of great toe
Main actions: extends great toe, dorsiflexes ankle
Innervation: deep fibular nerve
Extensor digitorum longus
Origin: anterior fibula and interosseous membrane
Insertion: middle and distal phalanges digits 2-5
Main actions: extends digits 2-5, dorsiflexes ankle
Innervation: deep fibular nerve
Fibularis longus
Origin: head and superolateral fibula
Insertion: base of first metatarsal
Main actions: everts foot, plantarflexes foot
Innervation: superficial fibular nerve
Fibularis brevis
Origin: inferolateral fibula
Insertion: base of 5th metatarsal
Main actions: everts foot, plantarflexes foot
Innervation: superficial fibular nerve
Gastrocnemius
Origin: lateral and medial femoral condyles
Insertion: calcaneal tendon
Main actions: plantarflexes ankle, flexes leg
Innervation: tibial nerve
Soleus
Origin: posterior fibular head, tibial soleal line
Insertion: calcaneal tendon
Main actions: plantarflexes ankle
Innervation: tibial nerve
Plantaris
Origin: lateral supracondylar line
Insertion: calcaneal tendon
Main actions: weakly assists gastrocnemius
Innervation: tibial nerve
Flexor hallucis longus
Origin: posterior fibula, interosseous membrane
Insertion: base of distal phalanx of great toe
Main actions: flexes great toe, plantarflexes ankle
Innervation: tibial nerve
Flexor digitorum longus
Origin: posterior tibia and fibula
Insertion: distal phalanges 2-5
Main actions: flexes digits 2-5, plantarflexes ankle
Innervation: tibial nerve
Tibialis posterior
Origin: interosseous membrane, posterior surface of tibia and fibula
Insertion: navicular, cuneiform, cuboid, bases of metatarsals 2-4
Main actions: plantarflexes ankle, inverts foot
Innervation: tibial nerve
Note 
Flashcard (79)