CHA101L Post-Quiz 7

Labs 16 and 17

Identify

* Left: Neck, Intertrochanteric line, Lateral epicondyle
* Middle: Head, Lesser trochanter, Adductor tubercle, Medial epicondyle, Medial condyle
* Right: Greater trochanter, Intertrochanteric crest, Gluteal tuberosity, Linea aspera, Lateral epicondyle, Lateral condyle

Identify

* Left: Intercondylar eminence, Lateral condyle, Head (fibula), Lateral malleolus (fibula)
* Middle: Medial condyle, Tibial tuberosity, Medial malleolus
* Right: Head (fibula), Lateral malleolus (fibula)

Gluteus maximus

* Origin: iliac crest, sacrum, sacrotuberous ligament
* Insertion: iliotibial tract, gluteal tuberosity, femoral shaft
* Main actions (on thigh): extension, lateral rotation
* Innervation: inferior gluteal

Gluteus medius

* Origin: ilium external surface
* Insertion: greater trochanter
* Main actions (on thigh): abduction, medial rotation; prevents pelvic tilt with gait
* Innervation: superior gluteal

Gluteus minimus

* Origin: ilium external surface
* Insertion: greater trochanter
* Main actions (on thigh): abduction, medial rotation; prevents pelvic tilt with gait
* Innervation: superior gluteal

Tensor fasciae latae

* Origin: iliac crest
* Insertion: iliotibial tract
* Main actions (on thigh): stabilizes knee joint in extension
* Innervation: superior gluteal

Piriformis

* Origin: sacrum, sacrotuberous ligament
* Insertion: greater trochanter
* Main actions: laterally rotate thigh and stabilize femoral head in acetabulum

Gemellus superior

* Origin: ischial spine
* Insertion: greater trochanter
* Main actions: laterally rotate thigh and stabilize femoral head in acetabulum

Obturator internus

* Origin: inner surface of obturator foramen
* Insertion: greater trochanter
* Main actions: laterally rotate thigh and stabilize femoral head in acetabulum

Gemellus inferior

* Origin: ischial tuberosity
* Insertion: greater trochanter
* Main actions: laterally rotate thigh and stabilize femoral head in acetabulum

Obturator externus

* Origin: outer margins of obturator foramen
* Insertion: greater trochanter
* Main actions: laterally rotate thigh and stabilize femoral head in acetabulum

Quadratus femoris

* Origin: ischial tuberosity
* Insertion: intertrochanteric crest of femur
* Main actions: laterally rotate thigh and stabilize femoral head in acetabulum

Trendelenburg gait

* Abnormal gait resulting from defective hip abductor mechanism (gluteus medias or minimus)

Piriformis syndrome

* Piriformis muscle compresses the sciatic nerve

Biceps femoris long head

* Origin: ischial tuberosity
* Insertion: fibular head
* Main actions: extends thigh, flexes leg
* Innervation: tibial nerve

Biceps femoris short head

* Origin: linea aspera
* Insertion: fibular head
* Main actions: flexes leg
* Innervation: common fibular nerve

Semitendinosus

* Origin: ischial tuberosity
* Insertion: proximal medial shaft of tibia
* Main actions: extends thigh, flexes leg
* Innervation: tibial nerve

Semimembranosus

* Origin: ischial tuberosity
* Insertion: tibia medial condyle
* Main actions: extends thigh, flexes leg
* Innervation: tibial nerve

Sartorius

* Origin: ASIS
* Insertion: proximal medial shaft of tibia
* Main actions: flexes thigh, laterally rotates thigh, flexes leg
* Innervation: femoral nerve

Quadriceps femoris - rectus femoris

* Origin: AIIS
* Insertion: patellar ligament to tibial tuberosity
* Main actions: flexes thigh, extends leg
* Innervation: femoral nerve

Quadriceps femoris - vastus lateralis

* Origin: greater trochanter
* Insertion: patellar ligament to tibial tuberosity
* Main actions: extends leg
* Innervation: femoral nerve

Quadriceps femoris - vastus medialis

* Origin: intertrochanteric line
* Insertion: patellar ligament to tibial tuberosity
* Main actions: extends leg
* Innervation: femoral nerve

Quadriceps femoris - vastus intermedius

* Origin: anterior femoral shaft
* Insertion: patellar ligament to tibial tuberosity
* Main actions: extends leg
* Innervation: femoral nerve

Iliopsoas

* Origin: lumbar vertebra, iliac crest and fossa
* Insertion: lesser trochanter of femur
* Main actions: flexes thigh (powerfully)

Pectineus

* Origin: superior pubic ramus
* Insertion: pectineal line of femur
* Main actions: adducts thigh, some flexion
* Innervation: obturator nerve

Adductor brevis

* Origin: ischiopubic ramus
* Insertion: linea aspera (top 1/3)
* Main actions: adducts thigh, some flexion
* Innervation: obturator nerve

Adductor longus

* Origin: crest of pubic symphysis
* Insertion: linea aspera (middle 1/3)
* Main actions: adducts thigh, some flexion
* Innervation: obturator nerve

Adductor magnus - adductor portion

* Origin: ischiopubic ramus
* Insertion: linea aspera (lower 1/3)
* Main actions: adducts thigh
* Innervation: obturator nerve

Adductor magnus - hamstring portion

* Origin: ischial tuberosity
* Insertion: adductor tubercle of femur
* Main actions: extends thigh
* Innervation: tibial nerve

Gracilis

* Origin: symphysis pubis
* Insertion: proximal medial shaft of tibia
* Main actions: adducts thigh, slight leg flexion

Identify

* Left: ACL, LCL, lateral meniscus
* Right: PCL, MCL, medial meniscus

Valgus stress test

* Test for MCL injury
* Move knee medially and leg laterally

Varus stress test

* Test for LCL injury
* Move knee laterally and leg medially

Anterior drawer test

* Test for ACL injury
* Flex knee 90 degrees, then pull leg anteriorly (injury if there is excessive anterior movement)

Lachman test

* Test for ACL injury
* Flex knee 15-20 degrees, then pull leg anteriorly (injury if there is excessive anterior movement)

Posterior drawer test

* Test for PCL injury
* Flex knee 90 degrees, then push tibia (injury if there is excessive posterior movement)
* Can also hold leg up and let gravity do work (will see indentation in the knee if PCL injury present)

McMurray test

* Test for meniscus injury

Identify

* Left: Posterior talofibular ligament, Calcaneofibular ligament
* Middle: Anterior talofibular ligament, Medial collateral (deltoid) ligament

Tibialis anterior

* Origin: lateral condyle and lateral surface of the tibia
* Insertion: base of first metatarsal
* Main actions: dorsiflexes ankle, inverts foot
* Innervation: deep fibular nerve

Extensor hallucis longus

* Origin: anterior fibula and interosseous membrane
* Insertion: dorsal aspect of distal phalanx of great toe
* Main actions: extends great toe, dorsiflexes ankle
* Innervation: deep fibular nerve

Extensor digitorum longus

* Origin: anterior fibula and interosseous membrane
* Insertion: middle and distal phalanges digits 2-5
* Main actions: extends digits 2-5, dorsiflexes ankle
* Innervation: deep fibular nerve

Fibularis longus

* Origin: head and superolateral fibula


* Insertion: base of first metatarsal
* Main actions: everts foot, plantarflexes foot
* Innervation: superficial fibular nerve

Fibularis brevis

* Origin: inferolateral fibula
* Insertion: base of 5th metatarsal
* Main actions: everts foot, plantarflexes foot
* Innervation: superficial fibular nerve

Gastrocnemius

* Origin: lateral and medial femoral condyles
* Insertion: calcaneal tendon
* Main actions: plantarflexes ankle, flexes leg
* Innervation: tibial nerve

Soleus

* Origin: posterior fibular head, tibial soleal line
* Insertion: calcaneal tendon
* Main actions: plantarflexes ankle
* Innervation: tibial nerve

Plantaris

* Origin: lateral supracondylar line
* Insertion: calcaneal tendon
* Main actions: weakly assists gastrocnemius
* Innervation: tibial nerve

Flexor hallucis longus

* Origin: posterior fibula, interosseous membrane
* Insertion: base of distal phalanx of great toe
* Main actions: flexes great toe, plantarflexes ankle
* Innervation: tibial nerve

Flexor digitorum longus

* Origin: posterior tibia and fibula
* Insertion: distal phalanges 2-5
* Main actions: flexes digits 2-5, plantarflexes ankle
* Innervation: tibial nerve

Tibialis posterior

* Origin: interosseous membrane, posterior surface of tibia and fibula
* Insertion: navicular, cuneiform, cuboid, bases of metatarsals 2-4
* Main actions: plantarflexes ankle, inverts foot
* Innervation: tibial nerve